sailboats have motors

Do Sailboats Have Motors?

Table of Contents

Most sailboats over the length of 16 feet have some form of auxiliary power. That may be an electric motor or gas-powered outboard. But the larger a sailboat, the more need there is for an engine.

The purpose of a motor on most sailboats is for maneuvering when in the harbor or marina. Sailors also use a motor when loading their sailboat onto their trailers. Of course, all of the above can be done without a motor, but it takes a lot of skill. However, a powered boat sure is nice to have when you’re making a run for safe harbor or when the wind stalls.

What is a sailboat with a motor called?

Most modern sailboats have motors. The type of motor depends on the age of the boat, the size of the vessel, and its purpose. However, there is a class  sailboat called a motorsailer . It has an engine that can move it along at speed without the sails, or only the sails can propel it.

Many older motorsailer designs don’t do very well at either task. Newer designs, however, range from a mere 26 feet to 100 feet or more, and sail and motor equally well, due to modern boat designs and engineering techniques.

Sailors tend to be purists, and although motors are necessary for safety, they want them to be as unobtrusive as possible. Even today’s motorsailers are on board with this philosophy. As we age, hanging over the rail retrieving a loose sail gets less and less exciting, and the appeal of a motor sailor becomes greater.

Do all sailboats have a motor?

No, because many real small sailboats don’t need one, and a paddle will suffice as auxiliary power. Prams, dinghies, small sailboats, and beach cats don’t generally need a motor. This is because they are primarily sailed from the beach. However, small sailboats can benefit from the use of today’s modern electric motors.

Unlike older electric boat motors that require a heavy battery for power, modern electric outboard motors have self-contained batteries. This fact makes using them a breeze. The problem with them is the battery doesn’t have enough juice to last more than a few hours.

That is okay if you are in a dinghy, but in a larger sailboat that may go out past the horizon, you want a motor that will get you back home.

What types of motors do sailboats have?

There are four distinct types of marine engines and thrusters, too.

1. Gas outboard engines

As already mentioned, gas outboards are used primarily for boats less than 30 feet in length. They are convenient because they cause no motor odor in the cabin , and you can replace them quickly if they fail. These motors range from three horsepower up to over 50 horsepower for some sailboats. Gas outboards have been used on sailboats for over 50 years, and they will continue to be used for years to come.

2. Diesel engines for sailboats

Diesel engines are the power of choice for sailboats . They are reliable, efficient, and relatively quiet. Diesel sailboat motors range from a tiny nine-horsepower unit, for smaller boats, up to about 125 horsepower, which is enough power for all but larger motorsailers and sailboats.

Until the 1970s, the most common inboard diesel for sailboats was Universal’s Atomic 4. However, since they closed their doors, several companies have worked to fill the marine engine niche. These companies include John Deer, Kubota, Yanmar, and Westerbeke, who still makes parts for the Atomic 4. All of them make marine diesel engines for small and large sailboats.

3. Electric motors for sailboats

Electric outboard motors have been mentioned for use on prams, dinghies, and other small craft. However, due to trial and error, electric motors have been designed to power sailboats larger than dinghies and trailer sailors. Like diesel motors, electric motors are placed in the lower section of the boat and connected to a shaft and propeller . Connected to a large bank of batteries that can be recharged with solar panels, a wind generator, or a hydro generator, an electric motor is used for maneuverability around the harbor and marina.

Using a purely electric motor for a sailboat has limitations due to the inability to store or generate enough power to motor for hours at a time. Due to this small storage capacity, they can only be used for a short time before they need to be recharged.

4. Hybrid electric power for sailboats

Combining the attributes of diesel power with the clean energy of electricity , hybrid-electric power plants, aka diesel-electric power, is the best of both worlds. With this type of power in your sailboat, power is almost free and endless. Note I said, virtually, because the diesel tank does need to be filled occasionally.

Hybrid electric power uses an electric motor to power your boat and a small diesel engine to charge the bank of batteries. When combined with solar panels and other methods of battery recharging, hybrid-electric power is becoming standard on new production sailboats and as conversions on older sailboats.

5. About those thrusters

The motor no one sees, bow thrusters are a great aid when docking or putting your boat on a trailer. Once only seen on sailboats over 50 feet in length, bow thrusters are a significant aid when docking and maneuvering around other craft in the harbor. They are now available for boats as small as 25 feet in length.

Types of sailboats

Motorsailers were mentioned above, but hull types have not been, and there are three main types of hulls for sailboats. They are the monohull , which means just what it says; the boat has one hull and usually just one motor. However, some large motorsailers often sport two engines.

Catamaran sailboats have two hulls, and many of those over 30 feet in length has two engines. Two engines are great for the redundancy of systems. Still, it is an added expense because it costs more to maintain two motors than one.

The next type of sailing vessel you will see in small and extremely large versions is the trimaran, which has three hulls. However, three hulls do not equate to three engines, and they generally have only one inboard motor for boats over 30 feet. Smaller trimarans use outboard motors for power or no power at all.

The cost of owning a sailboat

Small sailboats that can fit on a trailer and get hauled to the water have a low cost to own. In addition, general maintenance is not very expensive . Any care that you need to do is usually within the scope of sailboat owners with moderate skills with tools.

However, when you get into the realm of diesel engines, hybrid power systems, and bow thrusters, maintenance takes on a new dimension. Most boat owners can do the maintenance necessary to keep their engines running, such as oil changes, checking fluids, and filtering fuel .

However, when the time for servicing comes, a mechanic will be necessary. They run a minimum of $100 an hour unless you are lucky enough that you can call a friend.

Maintaining a sailboat is expensive – we can help

At Boatsetter, we work with sailors who rent their sailboats to people around the world. Our boat rental community allows you to rent only your boat, or you can join the party as captain of your ship as you impart your sailing knowledge to your paying guests. Renting your sailboat is one way to offset some of your annual costs with the added benefit of getting paid to be captain for the day. 

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Do Sailboats Have Motors? Types, Speeds & More EXPLAINED

Sailboats are designed to harness the wind and travel where ever they want to go, right? But many people don’t realize that many modern sailboats are also motorboats—they’ve got sails for sailing and engine power for motoring. Why? Let’s take a closer look.

Table of Contents

Do sailboats have engines, maneuvering in crowded spaces, motoring through calms or upwind, motorsailing, can you sail without an engine, outboard motor, diesels inboard engine, electric inboard motor, maximum hull speed and beyond, sailboat motor faqs.

The answer is a familiar refrain that you may have heard before—it depends! Small sailboats and sailing dinghies typically sail without the aid of an engine. These are easily rowed should it come to it, and clubs and races often organize tows to and from the racecourse. 

However, the bigger the boat, the more likely it is to have a motor of some kind. The reasons to have a motor are many, but there are certainly plusses to doing without. 

Why Have a Sailboat Engine At All?

There is a romanticism to sailing everywhere and never running an engine. When you dream of the old days, with beautiful wooden schooners and sailing ships plying the seas for trade and exploration, a motor never enters the fantasy. They didn’t have them back then! 

And if Blackbeard never turned the ignition key, why should you! Well, probably because a lot has changed in boating in the past few hundred years. Here are a couple reasons why having an engine onboard a sailboat is pretty nice.

For one thing, most of us boat differently than they did back then. Chances are, you pull into a crowded marina after a day of sailing. If you visit new ports, you may anchor in the harbor, but sometimes you take a dock to explore the town. 

And that brings up the first reason to have a motor—safe close-quarters maneuvering. While it is possible to maneuver a sailboat alongside a dock and safely tie up, it requires having a face dock and wide-open space to maneuver.

Even still, it is, without a doubt, easier and safer to approach a dock under power. Having an engine means having a reverse gear, which is the closest thing you can get to having a brake pedal on the water. Reverse power enables you to slow down and to stop! 

And if you keep reversing, it enables a boat to back up. Many marinas are set up in a way that requires you to do this. It’s not impossible to back a boat up under sail, but it can’t be done without several crew members and some open space to maneuver. 

For these reasons and others, boat operators are restricted from sailing when there won’t be enough room to maneuver. Some marinas even ban docking under sail, and it’s often not allowed when passing under bridges or through narrow canals or locks.

The next advantage to having a motor on your sailboat is the ability to motor when the sailing isn’t good enough. Small boats and dingies can usually make way in light wind, but heavy cruising boats are an entirely different story. 

If the wind drops below ten knots, many boats have trouble making way under sail. Even if they can sail, their skippers and crew might not be ecstatic to be cruising at two or three knots. 

For example, imagine you planned a day trip to an island across your home bay. The island is only 18 miles away. You set out in the morning with a wind forecast of 10 to 15 knots. If you’re able to make six knots (usually a very attainable number), the trip should take you three hours. 

But after leaving the dock and hoisting the sails, you notice that the wind is not filling in as forecast. Instead of 10 to 15, you are experiencing 5 to 10, or even lighter. The sails aren’t filling with air, and your speed over the ground (SOG) is only three knots. It’s now going to take you six hours to make your trip.

But, unfortunately, the tide is changing in another hour, and an adverse current will be forming. That will slow your boat down another knot, meaning your SOG will go down to two knots. So the trip is actually going to take even longer–now nine hours! 

This news comes as a disappointment because that means you won’t arrive until after dark. You’ve never entered the channel at the destination, so you need good light to get in and see the markers. 

This is just an example of a time when a crew might choose to use their engine. They can turn the ignition and put the motor in gear, and charge on through those light winds at six knots. The three-hour trip will take a predictable three hours, and the wind tide will have less effect on the SOG. 

The same is true should the wind happen to be on the nose. A sailboat cannot go sail directly into the wind, so if they need to go in that direction, they can tack back and forth or motor directly into the wind. Again, the motor provides an option that the crew did not have before.

The scenarios described above are doubly true when discussing a heavy cruising boat. These boats require more wind to get them moving, and they sail poorly upwind. Therefore, tacking back and forth is usually a less desirable option in such a boat. 

But it is possible to both sail and motor. In sailor terms, this is called motor sailing.

Motorsailing is very effective thanks to a trick that happens with the apparent wind. The apparent wind is the wind that the boat experiences—it’s higher when you sail into the wind since the speed of the boat is added to the speed of the wind. 

So if you are sailing into five knots of wind, the boat might be making two knots of speed. The apparent wind, and therefore the wind passing over the sails, is seven knots. Most boats sail poorly in seven knots of wind.

But if the skipper turns the motor on and puts the engine in gear, the boat will be making five knots or so of speed. Now, the apparent wind on the sails is more like ten knots, and most boats can sail pretty well in ten knots of wind.

Some boats are designed to be great motorsailers. A motorsailer is a boat that doesn’t sail great on its own. Instead, the sails work with the motor to reduce fuel consumption and increase the boat’s overall speed. 

Now you have some idea why sailing with an engine is a great idea—but do you need one? 

Of course, it is possible to move a sailboat without an engine. With good planning and an experienced crew, any sailboat should be able to maneuver and make way under sail. 

Skippers would still need a plan of action when it comes to tight marinas and anchorages. For example, will they have a long skulling oar onboard? Will they only use open face docks where they can dock under sail? Will they only pick up moorings or anchor? 

What about when the wind dies? Sailing without a motor will require a greater amount of flexibility. In real-world sailboat travel and cruising, a motor gives you options you would otherwise not have. Can it be done? Of course, it can. Is it easy? No, not really.

For example, there are trips that you cannot make at certain times. When crossing from South Florida to The Bahamas, the Gulf Stream current necessitates careful weather planning. As far as the weather is concerned, the best sailing winds are most likely to come from the north. But north winds are exactly when you should not cross since the wind against current builds up dangerous and uncomfortable seas. 

Most sailors wait in South Florida for southerly or westerly winds. Sometimes, this means waiting a few weeks for the one or two days when this might happen. What if you’re sitting there, waiting for weather, and instead of a day of 10 to 15 from the south, you were blessed with 48 hours of “light and variable” winds? 

If you had no motor, “light and variable” appearing in the forecast would not make you happy. But if you’re ready to cross to The Bahamas, you have a strong motor, and the weather gods are smiling, “light and variable” might be the best thing that could happen. Nothing is more beautiful than crossing the Gulf Stream on flat-calm glassy water without a breath of wind.

Types of Sail Boat Engines

Most sailboats have either a small gasoline outboard engine or an inboard diesel engine. Diesels are the preferred option for several reasons, but outboards can be an economical option on smaller boats.

Outboards are common on smaller sailboats that are 25 feet long or less. They are usually small, portable models of eight horsepower or less. 

One of the significant advantages of this size engine is that it is easy to take on and off the boat for maintenance or storage. They’re also relatively inexpensive to replace. For example, if the boat needs a new motor, you can usually find a new or used one and install it on the boat in a matter of minutes. 

The downside is that sailboats are not well-designed to be powered by outboards. A few designs use these motors successfully, but generally, the tall transoms and deep cockpits found on sailboats make it hard to use an outboard. Many have to be retrofitted with an ugly and less-that-ideal bracket to even mount the outboard. 

Besides being awkward to use and operate, the boat doesn’t do very well under outboard power, either. The propeller will likely pitch out of the water when the bow goes down a wave in any kind of rough sea. This will result in a loss of steady power and reduce boat speed and maneuverability. In rough conditions, this could be catastrophic. 

Outboard motors can easily be rigged to be operated by remote control from the cockpit helm controls. Unfortunately, finding this on a sailboat is rare. Instead, designers slap them on the back of the boat like an afterthought. What you’re left with is a difficult control situation, where you have to lean over the transom of the boat to put the motor in gear or move its tiller or throttle. 

Some catamarans use outboards that are mounted in wells on the bridge deck. Since the catamaran’s design allows this, these outboards tend to be larger and can power larger vessels. There are 36-foot or more catamarans that have a pair of outboards for power.

Compared to the small gas outboards, an inboard diesel engine is an enormous monstrosity. But by having a propeller shaft coming out of the bottom that is always underwater, the design solves the dangerous shortcomings of outboards. 

Diesels are also placed in the boat for perfect weight distribution. They are usually mounted under the cabin sole or the stairs to the cockpit. And since the boat’s interior is designed around them, they can grow as the boat grows. A bigger boat can get a bigger engine, whereas outboards are generally limited in size due to their mounting location.

Both diesels and outboard can provide decades of service when well maintained. But diesels take the cake as the most reliable option. Diesel fuel vapors are also less explosive than gasoline fumes, making it the safer option to carry on vessels with enclosed cabins. 

And finally, diesel engines are easy to work on and understand. The types of motors installed in the average cruising boat are the sort of small three to six-cylinder diesels that you might find in a farm tractor or forklift. Parts are often easy to get, and finding someone who can fix one is usually pretty straightforward.

The downside of the diesel inboard is its cost and complexity. For example, a new diesel inboard will cost you at least $10,000 for a small one, plus the labor to install it. On the other hand, an outboard will cost around $2,000 and will require no installation at all.

A diesel inboard will have a complete control panel at the helm, allowing you to start and stop the motor and control the gear and throttle from the helm. You will steer the boat with the regular helm, which turns the rudder.

A big plus, however, is that the rudder is mounted right behind the prop. This means that you can use bursts of power from the engine to force water over the rudder, making maneuvering easier during docking.

Inboard boats are typically considered to be a little more challenging to dock than an outboard-powered one. But once you get the hang of the basics, they provide you with a lot more options and easier control in tight spaces.

Imagine sailing with no motor noise at all. As with land vehicles, electric-powered sailboats are getting a lot of attention right now. At this point, fully electric yachts from the factory are few and far between. But many owners have retrofitted older boats with inboard electric motors.

As with all-electric vehicles, the trick is balancing how much power the motor consumes and how much energy the battery bank can store. Some hybrid boats solve the problem with a diesel-electric generator. New lithium battery technologies are constantly improving, so the day will undoubtedly come when you can get a sailboat to run on nothing but electricity.

The question will always be, what do you want from your sailboat motor? This goes back to the original question, why do sailboats have motors? If you believe it’s there to get you on and off the dock—and not much else—then an electric engine with a moderate battery bank is more than adequate. If, however, you want to motor into the wind for hours or travel on no-wind days, you’d likely be very limited by an electric-only sailboat.

There are also electric outboard motors, but these are generally smaller and not yet appropriate for cruising sailboats. Further, they share the same problems and limitations as a gas outboard motor, so the benefits are limited.

Does a sailboat have a motor? As you can see, the answer is generally yes. But there are some historic vessels out there, like replica galleons and schooners built over 100 years ago, that do not and never did have engines. 

Intrepid travelers like Lin and Larry Pardy have circumnavigated the globe multiple times in engineless vessels. Not having a motor keeps the boat simple and makes cruising more affordable. 

Does your sailboat need a motor? That’s a question only you can ask. As a beginner, maneuvering under sail alone can be intimidating. A motor allows you to bail when the sailing is no good and will probably enable you to enjoy sailing and boating more often. In the end, the choice is yours.

Do all sailboats have a motor?

It depends on the type of sailboat. Small sailing dinghies that you can easily row do not usually have motors. But most cruising and racing sailboats do, simply because it enables the boat to be docked easily. A motor can also keep the boat moving when the wind is calm. In some conditions, it can also help the sails work by motor sailing.

How are sailboats powered?

Sailboats, by definition, are powered by the wind. Nonetheless, most sailboats you see today also have motors. These are called auxiliary engines because the engines are not the primary means of propulsion. Instead, the boat is designed to sail—but when it can’t for some reason, it motors as a powerboat would.

Matt has been boating around Florida for over 25 years in everything from small powerboats to large cruising catamarans. He currently lives aboard a 38-foot Cabo Rico sailboat with his wife Lucy and adventure dog Chelsea. Together, they cruise between winters in The Bahamas and summers in the Chesapeake Bay.

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Do Sailboats Have Motors? | The Science Behind Sailboat Propulsion

Do Sailboats Have Motors? The Science Behind Sailboat Propulsion

When you think of sailboats, you might think of vessels with tall masts and billowing sails, harnessing the power of the wind to glide gracefully across the water. But a question that comes up, especially among those new to the boating world, is: “Do sailboats have motors?” Let’s dive into the science behind sailboat propulsion and how technology has impacted sailboats.

The Traditional Wind-Powered Sailboat

Sailboats are designed to be propelled by sails. The sails capture the wind’s energy, converting it into forward motion. The art and science of sailing involve understanding wind directions, adjusting sails accordingly, and using the rudder to steer the boat. It’s a skill that’s been honed over centuries and remains a passionate pursuit for many boaters.

But, Do Sailboats Have Motors?

Yes, many modern sailboats are equipped with auxiliary engines or motors . While the primary propulsion system is still the sails, these motors serve several essential functions:

• Maneuvering in Tight Spaces . While sails are perfect for open waters, they can be challenging to use in tight spaces like marinas or crowded harbors. Motors provide the precision needed to navigate these areas safely.
• Facing Calm Conditions. There are times when the wind might not be in your favor. On days with little to no wind, having a motor ensures you’re not stranded in the middle of the water.
• Dealing with Emergency Situations. In an emergency, such as a sudden storm or equipment failure, having a motor can be a lifesaver, getting you to shore quickly.

The Science Behind Sailboat Motors

Sailboat motors are often referred to as auxiliary engines. They are typically smaller and more fuel-efficient than those found on motorboats and are designed to complement the sail, not replace it. These motors can be inboard, built into the boat’s hull, or outboard, attached to the boat’s exterior.

The choice between inboard and outboard often depends on the boat’s size, design, and intended use. Outboard motors are the superior choice for a number of reasons, including:

• Lightweight and Efficient. Outboard motors are typically lighter than their inboard counterparts. This means that they don’t add significant weight to the stern (rear) of the boat, ensuring the boat remains balanced.
• Easy Maintenance and Repair. One of the standout advantages of outboard motors is their accessibility. Since they are mounted externally, conducting regular checks, maintenance, and repairs is easier.
• Versatility in Depth and Draft. Outboard motors can be tilted up or down, allowing sailors to adjust the propeller’s depth in the water. This is particularly beneficial in shallow waters or when beaching a boat, as you can lift the motor to avoid hitting the seabed or any underwater obstacles.
• Space Conservation. For smaller sailboats where space is at a premium, an outboard motor ensures that the internal space is still available for storage or other uses.
• Cost-Effective. Outboard motors tend to be less expensive than inboard motors, both in terms of the initial purchase and maintenance costs.

So, the next time someone asks you, “Do sailboats have motors?”, you can confidently answer, “Yes, many do!” Whether you’re a weekend sailor or embarking on longer voyages, understanding the science and benefits of your sailboat’s motor will ensure you make the best choice for your needs.

In the market for a new outboard motor for your sailboat? Contact us today . We’re here to help you find the best engine for your sailing needs.

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• Oct 23, 2023
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Do sailboats have motors? Does it require one?

Sailboats are one of the famous boats, and it symbolizes journey and adventure. They also are associated with being carried along by the “breath of life,” as its primary form of momentum is gained through the wind in its sails. Now, let’s see what else power the sailboat and whether they have motors or not.

Sailboats have motors, but not all sailboats have them. Nowadays, most sailboats are using electric motors rather than traditional diesel or gas ones. Motors on sailboats are mostly used during an emergency or at the marina, and generally, no one uses them often or for regular sailing.

All sailboats will not have motors; only some will have motors, and generally, if a sailboat exceeds some length (maybe 6 or 7 meters), it will have a motor in it. People will often not use these motors; they will use the sails to move in the sea or ocean.

Mostly motors will be turned off while sailing because if the boat is moving in the water with the help of sails, then turning on the motor and increasing the propulsion will not increase the speed much; instead, it will cause some slightly concerning sounds and fuel wastage.

A sailboat with motors is known as Motorsailer, which is typically a pleasure yacht, that derives propulsion from its sails and engine(s) in equal measure. Wikipedia

Why does a sailboat need a motor if it has a sail?

After knowing that some sailboats will have motors, now, you might be wondering what is the use of the motor in a sailboat without using it while sailing in the water.

The main use of a motor in a sailboat is for docking the boat at the marina or to move in the water if there is no wind. Some marinas banned the use of sails in the marina because solely docking the boat with the wind at a marina can cause any damages if the wind suddenly changes or decreases.

From the above picture, you can see how the boats are closely packed at the marina, and if a boat is solely docked in the marina with the help of wind and if the wind increases, then the boat can hit other boats on its way and can cause any problems for others.

And if the wind decreases while docking, then the boat can’t move in the water, and it can cause any problems for the other boaters who are moving in or out of the marina.

Due to these issues, many marinas banned the use of sails in the marina in recent years, so sailboats are pretty much forced to have an engine. It is happening because we are not controlling the boat, with the help of wind we are controlling the boat. So, entirely depending on the wind can cause any damages.

So, if the boat has a motor, then you can dock the boat quickly and easily without causing anything bad. That is one of the reasons why sailboats need motors. And the other reason is that if there is no wind, you can’t move in the water.

All the time, we cannot presume that there will be some wind to carry the boat. Sometimes if you are in a hurry and if there is no wind to sail or move the boat, then it is hard to move the boat. So, sometimes having a motor in the boat will help a lot.

Are motors on a sailboat the same as normal boat motors?

Now that you understand the motor’s uses in a sailboat, you might wonder if we can use the same motor (outboard or inboard) that is used on a normal boat for a sailboat.

Motors on a sailboat are the same as normal boat motors (outboard or inboard), but only diesel or gas motors are the same. And electric motors are much bigger in size than compared to the normal boat electric motors because big boats require more power, so they are big.

Typical sailboats have a small, either outboard motor attached to the transom, or an inboard, that has a sterndrive. Up until 1870, there were no motors on a sailboat. And not many had them until the 1930s ( source ). Today most sailboats over about five or seven meters in length have a motor.

Most smaller sailboats will have long shaft outboard engines, and some of them will be mounted on the stern. Larger boats from 26–27 foot onwards will have an inboard motor with a reversing gearbox and either a straight shaft in older boats or a Sterndrive in most modern ones.

Nowadays, electric outboard motors are becoming more popular than diesel or gas ones in sailboats, and these are a little larger than a trolling motor. Since most sailboats have solars on it, so having an electric outboard will benefit it a lot.

It is beneficial to have two batteries, along with a solar/wind charger. With this set up the range could be as high or higher than a gas or diesel motors if used sparingly and gently. A single battery will have an approximate range of 30 NM (55 km) with a 15 hour charge time ( source ).

Italian explorer Christopher Columbus set a world record in the late 1400s by only sailing with the wind. History

How fast can a sailboat sail (travel) without a motor solely on a sail?

Sailboats are known to its maneuverability to sail normally along with the winds, and mostly, it won’t go fast. Let’s see how fast a sailboat will travel solely on the wind.

On average, most sailboats travel at around 5 or 6 knots (roughly 6 miles), and on average, most sailboats can achieve a full speed of 8 knots (around 9 miles). However, they can’t exceed the hull speed so that the speed will vary for each sailboat.

However, many factors will affect boat speed, such as wind conditions, current, and many other factors. And with the increase in the sailboat length, the hull speed (top speed) of the boat will increase.

The maximum speed (Hull speed in knots) comes from the formula 1.34 times square root of the waterline (in feet) . Waterline is the boat’s overall length (from bow to stern) that is submerged in water.

If the waterline length is 25 feet, then the boat’s maximum speed (hull speed) will be the square root of 25 times 1.34, which is equal to 6.7 knots. Meaning the maximum speed of the boat, which it can travel is 6.7 knots per hour. Still, you can try increasing the speed by removing the extra weight in the boat, and design also changes the speed.

With that being said, the boat speed also depends on its overall length, so the top speed (hull speed) will vary for each boat if the boat length varies. And the other factors such as wind conditions and current will be the same for many boats.

These are some of the factors that affect boat speed, and there are some more factors as well. Check my article on Essential factors that affect the boat speed (opens in a new tab) to know how the hull design and different types of water will affect the boat speed.

Bottom line

Sailboats have motors, and although not all the sailboats will have motors. Among all the types of motors nowadays, often sailboats use electric outboard motors rather than diesel or gas motors.

The motors are used to dock the boat at the marina or to move the boat if there is no wind. One of the main reasons is why they have motors is nowadays many marinas have banned the use of sails in the marina in recent years because it can cause any damages (disturbances) if there is no wind or less wind.

My name is Mahidhar, and I am passionate about boating. Every day I learn some new things about boats and share them here on the site.

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Do Sailboats Have Motors?

Sailboats, with their billowing sails and ageless charm, have captured the imaginations of adventurers and seafarers for centuries. These vessels evoke the romanticism of wind-powered voyages across vast expanses of water, relying solely on the whispering breeze to carry them forward. Yet, the world of sailboats is not confined to a bygone era of pure wind propulsion.

Intriguingly, many envision sailboats as entirely dependent on the capricious winds to set their course. However, this perception only scratches the surface of the multifaceted world of sailboat propulsion. Sailboats have evolved to embrace modernity without sacrificing their intrinsic character. They now boast propulsion options that integrate both the timeless elegance of sail power and the efficiency and control of motor power.

This article embarks on a voyage of discovery through the realm of sailboat propulsion. We will unravel the various options available, from traditional sails billowing with the wind’s grace to powerful motors that can navigate unforgiving waters when the winds fall silent. By the end of this journey, you’ll have a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interplay between sail and motor power in the world of sailboats.

The Essence of Sailing

At its heart, sailing is a dance with the elements—a harmonious partnership between man and nature. Sailboats, in their purest form, are designed to rely primarily on wind power for propulsion, embracing the age-old art of harnessing the invisible forces of the atmosphere.

The key to sailing lies in the sailboat’s rigging—a meticulously designed system that includes the mast, sails, and rudder. The mast stands tall and proud, serving as the vessel’s backbone. Attached to it are the sails, which unfurl like the wings of a great seabird. It is these sails that capture the wind’s caress and transform it into forward motion. The rudder, positioned beneath the water’s surface, acts as the boat’s steering mechanism, allowing the sailor to chart their course amidst the boundless expanse of water.

Sailing is a symphony of precision and artistry. It’s about feeling the wind’s gentle or forceful embrace, adjusting the sails accordingly, and directing the boat’s graceful glide across the water’s surface. The essence of sailing lies in the connection to nature, the mastery of technique, and the sheer beauty of setting one’s own course powered by the breath of the wind.

Auxiliary Motors in Sailboats

Auxiliary motors, commonly referred to as “auxiliary engines” or simply “auxiliary,” are secondary propulsion systems installed on sailboats alongside their primary wind-driven sails. These motors serve a crucial role in providing additional power and maneuverability to sailboats, especially when wind conditions are unfavorable or when precise control is needed in confined areas.

Sailboats are equipped with auxiliary motors for several reasons:

• Maneuverability : In situations where wind alone isn’t sufficient to navigate, such as docking or navigating through narrow channels or crowded marinas, auxiliary motors provide the precise control necessary to ensure safe passage.
• Safety : They serve as a safety feature in case of emergencies, like equipment failure or a sudden loss of wind. Having a reliable engine can help a sailboat avoid dangerous situations, navigate away from hazards, or return to port.
• Windless Conditions : When wind conditions are calm or when sails aren’t effectively capturing the wind, auxiliary motors become essential for maintaining progress and preventing the boat from becoming stranded.

There are two primary types of auxiliary motors used in sailboats:

• Inboard Motors : These engines are installed within the hull of the sailboat and are more common on larger sailboats. Inboard motors offer increased power and reliability but may require more maintenance.
• Outboard Motors : Outboards are external engines that can be attached to the stern (back) of the sailboat when needed. They are more common on smaller sailboats and offer convenience, as they can be removed for maintenance or used as a backup for dinghies or tenders.

The presence of auxiliary motors does not diminish the sailing experience; rather, it enhances it by providing added safety and flexibility while preserving the time-honored art of sailing.

Inboard Motors and Their Placement Within the Sailboat’s Hull

Inboard motors are a type of auxiliary engine commonly found on sailboats. These engines are installed inside the hull of the sailboat, typically positioned amidships (in the middle) or toward the stern (back) of the boat. Inboard motors are permanently integrated into the sailboat’s design, with only the propeller shaft and propeller extending outside the hull.

Advantages of Inboard Motors:

• Reliability : Inboard motors are known for their reliability. They are generally more robust and have greater longevity compared to outboard motors.
• Power : Inboard engines tend to provide more power than outboards. This extra power can be beneficial for larger sailboats, especially in adverse conditions or when motoring against strong currents or winds.
• Quiet Operation : Inboards are typically quieter than outboards, which can contribute to a more peaceful and enjoyable sailing experience.
• Improved Weight Distribution : Inboard motors are usually positioned near the boat’s center, contributing to better weight distribution and improved handling.

Disadvantages of Inboard Motors:

• Maintenance : Inboard motors may be more challenging to access for routine maintenance and repairs due to their location within the hull.
• Cost : Inboard motors are often more expensive to purchase and maintain compared to outboards.
• Space Requirements : Installing an inboard motor requires allocating space within the hull, which can reduce available interior space.

Sailboat Types That Commonly Feature Inboard Motors:

• Cruisers : Sailboats designed for extended cruising often have inboard motors. The added power and reliability are advantageous for long-distance sailing.
• Larger Sailboats : Bigger sailboats, such as those used for offshore racing or cruising, frequently employ inboard engines due to their higher power output.
• Sailboats with Fixed Keels : Sailboats with fixed keels, which are more common in larger vessels, often have inboard motors because they can accommodate the necessary space.

Inboard motors are favored for their reliability and power, making them suitable for sailboats that prioritize these aspects over the convenience of outboard motors. They are especially prevalent on cruising sailboats designed for extended journeys where power and reliability are paramount.

Outboard Motors, Which Are Mounted Externally on the Stern of the Sailboat

Outboard motors are a type of auxiliary engine commonly used on sailboats. These motors are mounted externally on the transom (stern) of the sailboat, with the entire unit, including the engine, propeller, and gear case, located outside the boat’s hull. Outboards are a popular choice for sailboats, particularly smaller ones, due to their convenience and versatility.

Benefits of Outboard Motors:

• Ease of Maintenance : Outboard motors are known for their accessibility, making routine maintenance and repairs relatively straightforward. They can be easily removed and serviced when necessary.
• Portability : Outboards are lightweight and portable, which simplifies installation and removal. This portability is advantageous for trailering sailboats and using the motor on different vessels.
• Maneuverability : Outboards provide excellent maneuverability, as their location at the stern allows for easy steering and control.
• Tilt and Trim : Many outboard motors come equipped with tilt and trim features, allowing the operator to adjust the motor’s angle and depth in the water. This feature is useful for optimizing performance and efficiency.
• Versatility : Outboard motors can be used for various purposes, including motoring in and out of harbors, navigating through shallow waters, and serving as an emergency backup in case of windless conditions.

Situations Where Outboard Motors Are Useful:

• Small Sailboats : Outboard motors are commonly found on smaller sailboats, such as daysailers and trailerable sailboats. Their compact size and ease of handling make them a practical choice for these vessels.
• Trailering : Sailboats that are regularly trailered benefit from outboard motors because of their portability. The motor can be easily attached and detached when launching and retrieving the boat.
• Shallow Waters : Sailboats that navigate through shallow or restricted waters, such as lakes and rivers, often use outboard motors. Their ability to be tilted up out of the water minimizes the risk of grounding.
• Emergency Situations : Outboard motors can serve as reliable backup propulsion in case of windless conditions or mechanical issues with the sail rigging.

While outboard motors are favored for their convenience and versatility, they are especially well-suited for smaller sailboats and those used in specific conditions, such as shallow waters or trailerable vessels. The choice between inboard and outboard motors ultimately depends on the sailboat’s size, intended use, and the preferences of the boat owner.

How the Presence and Type of Motorization Vary Across Different Sailboat Categories

The presence and type of motorization in sailboats can indeed vary significantly based on the boat’s category, purpose, and design. Here’s how it typically varies across different sailboat categories:

• Auxiliary Motors : Most cruising sailboats are equipped with auxiliary motors, either inboard or outboard. These motors are essential for maneuvering in and out of harbors, navigating in calms or adverse weather, and ensuring safety during extended passages.
• Motor Type : Cruisers often have inboard motors due to their reliability and power. Inboard motors are more suitable for long-distance cruising where reliability is paramount.

Racing Boats:

• Auxiliary Motors : Racing sailboats may or may not have auxiliary motors, as weight and aerodynamics are critical in racing. Some racing sailboats, especially smaller ones, may not have motors at all.
• Motor Type : When present, racing sailboats usually feature lightweight outboard motors. These motors are typically used for safety and maneuvering purposes rather than as a primary means of propulsion.
• Auxiliary Motors : Smaller sailing dinghies often rely solely on sail power and do not have auxiliary motors. These boats prioritize simplicity, low weight, and the purity of sail-driven experiences.
• Motor Type : In cases where dinghies do have auxiliary motors, they are typically lightweight and portable outboard motors. These motors are used for emergency backup or maneuvering in tight spaces.

Day Sailers and Trailerable Sailboats:

• Auxiliary Motors : Day sailers and trailerable sailboats often have outboard motors for the convenience of trailering and launching. They are designed for versatility, allowing sailors to use the motor when needed and sail when conditions permit.
• Motor Type : Outboard motors are the standard choice for these sailboats due to their ease of use and portability.

The choice of motorization in sailboats is influenced by the intended use and design priorities. Cruisers, which often embark on long journeys and prioritize reliability, typically feature inboard motors. Racing boats prioritize speed and minimal weight, so if they have a motor, it’s usually an outboard for safety and maneuverability. Dinghies favor simplicity and pure sailing experiences and may not have motors at all. Day sailers and trailerable sailboats value versatility, making outboard motors a practical choice for their flexibility.

Ultimately, the presence and type of auxiliary motor should align with the sailboat’s purpose and how sailors intend to use it, whether for cruising, racing, day sailing, or other activities.

Sailboat Maneuvering and Safety

Auxiliary motors play a crucial role in sailboat maneuvering and safety, especially in various scenarios:

Maneuvering in Confined Spaces:

• Harbor Navigation : Sailboats often need to navigate in and out of crowded harbors, marinas, and anchorages. In these tight spaces, where wind and currents can be challenging, auxiliary motors provide precise control and prevent collisions with other boats, docks, or buoys.
• Mooring and Docking : Motors are invaluable for precise mooring and docking, allowing sailors to approach docks or mooring balls with precision and avoid accidental grounding or collisions.

Emergency Situations:

• Avoiding Hazards : In emergencies, such as rapidly changing weather conditions, motors provide a reliable means to quickly navigate away from hazards like rocks, shoals, or other vessels.
• Loss of Wind : If wind conditions become unfavorable or drop to a near standstill, a motor can help prevent drifting into dangerous areas, such as shipping lanes or shallow waters.

Safety When Sails Are Lowered:

• Loss of Sail Power : When sails are lowered or reefed in heavy weather, a sailboat’s primary source of propulsion is lost. In such situations, an auxiliary motor ensures that the boat maintains steerage and control.
• Sail Handling : Motors can assist with sail handling tasks, such as furling or dousing sails, especially when conditions are adverse or when a sailor is single-handed.
• Assisting Crew Overboard : In the unfortunate event of a crew member falling overboard, an auxiliary motor can be used to maneuver the boat for a swift and safe rescue operation.
• Towing and Anchoring : Motors are valuable for towing dinghies or other vessels, retrieving anchor rode, or positioning the boat relative to anchor sets.

In essence, auxiliary motors are a safety net for sailboats, providing control and maneuverability when sail power alone may not suffice or when unpredictable situations arise. They enhance the safety of both the boat and its crew by offering a reliable means of propulsion and control in various conditions. As such, they are a valuable asset for ensuring a safe and enjoyable sailing experience.

Eco-Friendliness of Sailboats and How Motor Use Impacts the Environment

Sailboats are generally considered more environmentally friendly than motorized vessels due to their primary reliance on wind power, which produces no direct emissions. However, it’s important to recognize that auxiliary motors, when used, can have environmental impacts. Here’s a discussion of these aspects:

Eco-Friendliness of Sailboats:

• Wind Propulsion : Sailboats are inherently green vessels. They use the wind to move, a renewable energy source that doesn’t produce greenhouse gas emissions or contribute to air or water pollution.
• Low Environmental Impact : Sailboats have a low environmental impact when sailing, as they don’t rely on fossil fuels during that time.

Motor Use Impact:

• Fuel and Emissions : When auxiliary motors are employed, they typically run on gasoline or diesel fuel, contributing to emissions and air pollution.
• Noise and Disturbance : Motor noise can disrupt the tranquility of sailing, disturb wildlife, and impact the enjoyment of nature.

Responsibility of Sailboat Owners:

• Minimizing Motor Use : Sailboat owners have a responsibility to minimize motor use whenever possible. This includes maximizing sailing time, even in light winds, and using the motor only when necessary for safety or maneuvering.
• Regular Maintenance : Well-maintained motors are more fuel-efficient and produce fewer emissions. Regular maintenance and tuning are essential.
• Clean Fuel and Oil : Using clean, low-sulfur fuels and environmentally friendly lubricants can reduce environmental impacts.
• Disposal of Waste : Properly disposing of waste oil, filters, and other hazardous materials is crucial to prevent pollution.

Sailboat owners should be conscious of their environmental impact and strive to sail more, motor less. While auxiliary motors are a valuable tool for safety and maneuvering, minimizing their use contributes to a greener and more sustainable boating experience. Additionally, adopting eco-friendly practices in other aspects, such as waste disposal and maintenance, further reduces a sailboat’s environmental footprint. Ultimately, responsible sailing is about enjoying the beauty of the water while safeguarding the environment for future generations.

Sailing Traditions and Values

Pure, wind-driven sailing carries with it a rich tapestry of traditions and values that have endured for centuries. Here’s a reflection on these aspects:

• Connection to History: Sailing is steeped in history and tradition. For millennia, humans have harnessed the power of the wind to explore, trade, and discover new lands. This deep historical connection is often palpable when sailing without motors, as the experience closely mirrors the journeys of our ancestors.
• Sense of Accomplishment: Sailing without auxiliary motors provides a profound sense of accomplishment. When you rely solely on the wind’s power and your understanding of its nuances to navigate the waters, every successful voyage becomes a personal triumph. The mastery of sailing skills, like reading the wind, trimming sails, and maneuvering efficiently, adds to this sense of achievement.
• Connection to Nature: There’s a unique connection to nature that comes from wind-driven sailing. You become acutely attuned to the elements—the feel of the wind on your face, the sound of the sails billowing, and the gentle rocking of the boat. It’s a serene, almost meditative experience that allows you to become one with the natural world.
• Environmental Stewardship: Sailing without motors aligns with a commitment to environmental stewardship. It’s a demonstration of respect for the environment and a desire to minimize the impact of human activity on the planet. It’s about harmonizing with nature rather than overpowering it.
• Slowing Down: In a world that often feels rushed and hectic, sailing without motors forces you to slow down. It encourages a more deliberate pace, fostering reflection and mindfulness. This deceleration is a balm for the soul in our fast-paced modern lives.
• Community and Camaraderie: Sailing has a strong sense of community and camaraderie. Whether you’re racing with fellow sailors or sharing stories at a marina, sailing fosters connections and friendships that span generations.
• Adaptability and Problem-Solving: Sailing without motors requires adaptability and problem-solving skills. When the wind changes or dies down, sailors must adjust their tactics, making sailing both a mental and physical challenge. This adaptability fosters resilience and resourcefulness.

In an age of technological advances and the constant hum of engines, there’s something profoundly timeless and grounding about wind-driven sailing. It’s a reminder that, despite our modern conveniences, we can still connect with the natural world and honor the enduring traditions that have shaped our maritime heritage. It’s a celebration of self-reliance, the beauty of the wind, and the enduring values of exploration and adventure.

Watch The Problem with SAILBOATS | Video

Top 5 FAQs and answers related to do sailboats have motors

Do all sailboats have motors.

No, not all sailboats have motors. Some sailboats, known as “pure” or “unpowered” sailboats, rely solely on wind power for propulsion and do not have auxiliary motors. However, many modern sailboats are equipped with auxiliary motors for maneuvering in harbors, calms, or emergencies.

Why Do Some Sailboats Have Motors?

Sailboats have auxiliary motors for several practical reasons. Motors provide maneuverability in tight spaces, assist with docking and leaving harbors, and help in situations with little or no wind. They also serve as safety backups during emergencies.

What Types of Motors Are Used in Sailboats?

Sailboats typically use two main types of motors: inboard and outboard motors. Inboard motors are fixed within the boat’s hull, while outboard motors are mounted on the stern. The choice between the two depends on the sailboat’s design and purpose.

Are Motors Common on Racing Sailboats?

Racing sailboats often prioritize weight reduction and sailing performance, so they may not have motors. However, even some racing sailboats have small outboard motors that can be easily removed to reduce weight during races.

Can I Sail Without Using the Motor on a Sailboat?

Yes, you can sail without using the motor on a sailboat. In fact, many sailors prefer to sail purely by harnessing the wind’s power. Sailing without a motor is a fundamental and time-honored tradition for those who relish the challenge and beauty of wind-driven navigation.

In conclusion, this article has explored the intriguing world of sailboats and their auxiliary motors. We’ve delved into the essence of sailing, the beauty of wind-driven navigation, and the timeless traditions it embodies. Additionally, we’ve shed light on the role of auxiliary motors, which provide practicality and maneuverability, especially in confined spaces and emergencies.

Sailboats are unique vessels, capable of harnessing both wind and motor power, making them versatile companions for seafaring adventures. Whether you’re drawn to the serenity of pure sailing or appreciate the backup and convenience of motors, sailboats offer a world of possibilities.

As you embark on your own maritime journeys, remember that the allure of sailboats lies not only in their propulsion but also in the connection to nature, the sense of accomplishment, and the enduring values they represent. Embrace the freedom to choose between wind and motor, and let the open waters be your canvas for exploration and discovery.

Share  Do Sailboats Have Motors?  with your friends and Leave a comment below with your thoughts.

Read Field and Stream Eagle Talon Kayak Review until we meet in the next article.

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Inboard vs. Outboard Motors – Sailboat Needs

As a general rule, sailboats over 18 feet will have a motor of some type. They typically have an outboard motor if they are under 25 feet and an inboard diesel if they are above 25 feet. Newer boats are starting to come with electrical engines.

When there is no wind, a motor on your sailboat will be a huge help. There are many ways to add one, and which one should you get? Keep reading to find out more about boat motors.

If you have a motor and need to know how to mount it on your sailboat, click here to read my other article abou t installing an outboard!

Are Inboard Motors Better Than Outboards?

There are many factors to consider when deciding which engine to use, inboard or outboard. They both have advantages and disadvantages. As a whole, inboards are better when your boat is 30 feet or greater. If the boat is less than 30 feet, an outboard motor can be used.

Inboard motors are motors that are concealed down in the boat’s hull somewhere. For sailboats, the engine is normally under the cockpit and accessed from under the steps that lead down into the cabin. On most sailboats, especially older models, the inboards are diesel engines.

Sailboats use diesel because a diesel engine will last a lot longer than a regular engine. They have more power from less fuel as well. Diesel fuel has 20% more energy than regular gas. Diesel has a higher density which means it burns slower. You do get more speed and horsepower out of regular gasoline. Due to gasoline having a much lower density, it will burn faster creating more energy and HP.

The Hunter I used to sail on in the Destin, FL area would only have to be filled about once a year. The engine was only turned on when the wind was dead or we were trying to get in and out of the docks, but that is still a good amount of motoring. Imagine only having to fill your car once a year.

How much power should be your next question? Take a look at the next section to see how much horsepower you need.

How Much Horsepower Does A Sailboat Need?

As a general rule, you should calculate 1 horsepower(HP) per 550 pounds of weight. For example, a Catalina 22 weighs 2150 pounds. Take 2150 divided by 550 and you get 3.9. Always round up to avoid not having enough power. 4 HP is the right size engine for a Catalina 22.

I used to own a Catalina 22 and it had a 4-hp motor on it. The engine size was perfect for the size of the boat. Now, I couldn’t go 40 mph but the speed was good enough for me. When you are motor sailing speed is usually not a concern. Cruising slowly is the best in my opinion.

Let’s look at a 30ft boat. This is a very common size in the sailing world. A 30-foot Hunter Cherubini’s displacement is 9700 pounds. Displacement is another term for the weight of a sailboat. 9700 divided by 550 equals 17.63. I would round that up to 18 HP.

This is not an exact formula. It is a very good estimate compared to the other articles I have read about what size engine is needed for a boat. Usually, with a 30-foot boat, you will have an inboard engine instead of an outboard.

What Is The Most Dependable Outboard Motor – Top 6

When it comes to picking an outboard there are a lot of options. The average life span of an outboard is 1500 hours before maintenance or possible replacement. Take a look at the list below for some dependable options.

1. 2022 Tohatsu 6 HP MFS6DWDS

This is a great portable option. This is the most considerable single-cylinder option from Tohatsu. The shaft length is short at 15 inches. Some other features are, saltwater rated, 6 trim positions, low oil pressure warning indicator, and more. $1560.00

2. 2022 Mercury 3.5 HP Outboard Motor

The Mercury brand is a great one. We all know it and it’s very common to see all types of boats with a Mercury motor. This one has a 20-inch shaft, visual oil level indicator, 4 trim positions, and 360 degrees of steering. $1070.00

3. Suzuki 4 HP DF4AS3 Outboard Motor

Suzuki’s 4 HP motor is a good option for smaller boats. It has a short 15-inch shaft with a large easy-to-shift lever. It weighs 52 lbs which is a lot for this size of the motor. It has a fold-down tiller handle and 90 degrees left and right steering. $1245.00

4. Honda 5 HP BF5DHLHNA Outboard

Honda is a great engine creator. We all know the brand and love it. This motor comes with a 20-inch shaft. A 15-inch shaft is available. It also has a digital CD ignition for easy starting and low oil warning. There is even an option for a 6-amp charging system. $1742.00

5. Mercury 9.9 HP ELHPT EFI ProKicker Motor

This motor has an electric start! Making this a great option for convenience. It is on the larger size of power with 9.9 HP. It also has a power tilt button for easy positioning. It comes with a 20-inch long shaft as well. If you have plenty of money I recommend this one. $3720.00

6. Mercury 5 HP Propane Outboard Motor

That’s right, this outboard runs on propane! I have never experienced one of these but the clean burn is intriguing. Some of the other features are rated for saltwater and six trim positions. $1645.00

7. Suzuki 2.5 HP DF2.5S4 Motor

This little guy is a good option for the price if you don’t need a lot of power. It is only 29 lbs and has a 5-year warranty. The shaft length is 15 inches for those shallow waters. $819.00

8. HONDA 2.3 HP BF2.3DHLCH Outboard

For a smaller option with a good brand try this one. It has a 20-inch long shaft and 2.3 HP. The 5-year warranty means this will be your outboard for years to come. $978.00

9. Torqeedo Travel 1103 CL Electric Outboard

If you prefer no gas then this is the one you want. It weighs 39 lbs, has 3 HP, and is 29 1/4 in length. The best use is for a dinghy but if you had a small sailboat it could be great for motoring in and out of port. The price is a little high. $2999.00

Here is a link to my other article, How Do You Prepare An Outboard Motor For Summer – 6 Steps

When it comes to deciding which outboard motor to get just think about how fast you want to go and how big your boat is.

Are Outboard Motors Easy To Work On? Personal Experience

Outboard motors are very simple to understand making them easy to work on. If you ever have to deal with a broken down outboard motor, depending on the size, you should have no trouble figuring out the issue.

I had a Mercure 8hp motor on my sailboat and had to work on it a few times. One time it stopped shifting while caught in some high winds. Fortunately, popping off the top I saw that the shifter connection had come detached. I was able to attach it quickly and get the boat moving away from the rocks.

After returning to shore I made sure that would not happen again.

Outboard motors are basic engines that need basic maintenance to keep them running. If you have worked on any small engines before, this should be no problem for you to figure out especially since everything is on the internet these days.

Boatlifehq owner and author/editor of this article.

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Does a Sailboat Have a Motor? (The Facts You Need To Know)

Have you ever been out on a sailboat and wished you could just turn on a motor and cruise? If you’ve ever had that thought, you’re not alone.

Adding a motor to a sailboat can be a great way to extend your sailing season and make your time on the water even more enjoyable.

In this article, we’ll discuss the facts to consider when deciding if a motor should be added to your sailboat, including the types of motors available, the advantages and disadvantages of each, and the cost of adding a motor.

Read on to learn more!

Table of Contents

Short Answer

Yes, some sailboats have a motor.

The motor is typically used to help the sailboat move faster when there is not enough wind to propel the boat, as well as for maneuvering in and out of ports and marinas.

Motors can be powered by gasoline, diesel, or electricity, depending on the model of the sailboat.

Benefits of Adding a Motor to a Sailboat

Adding a motor to a sailboat can provide a number of advantages.

For starters, it can help to power the boat in times of little or no wind, allowing for greater maneuverability in tight spaces.

An engine also allows sailboats to reach higher speeds, making up for unreliable winds, and making the boat more versatile.

Additionally, some sailboats are designed and built with inboard motors, which are larger and more powerful than outboard motors and can provide more speed and range.

Inboard motors can also be more efficient in terms of fuel consumption, as they can be operated at a lower RPM than outboard motors.

Another benefit of adding a motor to a sailboat is that it can provide a sense of safety and security.

In the event of an emergency, such as a sudden change in weather or a breakdown in the rigging, having a motor can make it much easier to maneuver the boat and make it to safety.

It can also be helpful in cases where the wind is too light to propel the boat, or if the boat needs to be steered in a specific direction.

Finally, adding a motor to a sailboat can improve the overall performance of the boat.

A motor can help to increase the boats speed and range, allowing it to cover longer distances in a shorter amount of time.

A motor can also help to improve handling, as the added weight of the motor can help to stabilize the boat and make it easier to maneuver.

Additionally, the motor can provide a source of power for other onboard equipment and accessories, such as lights, pumps, and other electrical devices.

Types of Motors for Sailboats

When it comes to sailboats, there is a wide variety of motors available, depending on the size and intended use of the boat.

Outboard motors are the most common type of motor for sailboats and are typically powered by gasoline or diesel fuel.

These motors are relatively lightweight, making them easy to install and transport, and are usually attached to the stern of the boat.

Outboard motors are generally less powerful than inboard motors, making them better suited to smaller sailboats.

Inboard motors are typically found in larger sailboats, and are usually powered by diesel fuel.

These motors are more powerful than outboard motors and provide greater speed and range.

In addition, inboard motors are typically more reliable than outboard motors, making them a better choice for long-distance voyages.

Inboard motors are also more expensive and require more maintenance than outboard motors, so they are usually only installed in larger sailboats.

Finally, electric motors are becoming increasingly popular for sailboats.

These motors are powered by batteries and use much less fuel than gasoline or diesel-powered motors.

Electric motors are quieter than gas or diesel motors and produce no emissions, making them an ideal choice for sailors who are looking for a more environmentally-friendly option.

Electric motors are also easier to install and maintain than traditional motors.

However, they are typically limited in terms of speed and range, and are best suited to smaller sailboats.

Advantages of Outboard Motors

Outboard motors are an essential part of many modern sailboats, providing an extra source of power when the wind isnt cooperating.

Outboard motors offer several advantages over traditional inboard motors.

For one, outboard motors are smaller and lighter than inboard motors, meaning they can be mounted to the side of the boat rather than taking up valuable interior space.

This also makes them easier to maneuver and install, and can be a cost-saving measure when building a new boat.

Outboard motors also provide improved performance when sailing in shallow waters, as their shallow draft design allows them to move more efficiently through shallow areas.

Additionally, outboard motors are generally more reliable than inboard motors, as they can be more easily maintained and serviced, and are more resistant to saltwater corrosion.

Finally, outboard motors are usually more fuel-efficient than inboard motors, allowing for greater range and less cost.

Advantages of Inboard Motors

Inboard motors can provide a number of advantages for sailboats.

First, they are typically larger and more powerful than outboard motors, allowing for increased speed and range.

This means that a sailboat equipped with an inboard motor can travel further and faster than those with an outboard motor.

Additionally, inboard motors are typically more reliable as they are better protected from the elements.

This means that they can be used in a variety of weather conditions and can provide the power needed to navigate through different types of terrain.

Finally, inboard motors are usually quieter than outboard motors, making them ideal for those who want to reduce noise pollution while sailing.

Maintenance Considerations for Motors

In addition to the many advantages of having an engine on board your sailboat, there are some maintenance considerations to keep in mind.

Outboard motors are generally simpler to maintain than inboard motors, primarily due to their smaller size and the fact that they are typically mounted on the transom of the boat, making them easier to access.

Outboard motors will need to be serviced more often than inboard motors, as they are exposed to more harsh elements and are not as protected from the water and weather.

Common maintenance tasks include changing the oil, replacing worn components, and cleaning out the engine.

Additionally, outboard motors should be winterized in colder climates, as protection from freezing temperatures and other winter weather conditions.

Inboard motors, on the other hand, are typically more complex and require more frequent maintenance.

Due to their larger size and complexity, inboard motors are more difficult to access and service than outboard motors.

Common maintenance tasks for inboard motors include changing the oil, replacing worn components, and cleaning out the engine.

Additionally, inboard motors will need to be winterized in colder climates, as protection from freezing temperatures and other winter weather conditions.

Finally, both inboard and outboard motors require regular inspections to ensure that everything is running properly.

It is important to check the motor’s components regularly, as well as its fuel and oil levels, to ensure that it is running safely and efficiently.

Additionally, it is important to keep the motor clean and free of debris to avoid any potential performance issues.

By following these maintenance tips, you can ensure that your sailboat’s motor is running reliably and efficiently for years to come.

Cost of Adding a Motor to a Sailboat

Adding a motor to a sailboat can be a costly endeavor.

Outboard motors can range in price from a few hundred dollars to thousands of dollars depending on the size and type of motor.

Inboard motors can cost even more, depending on the size and type of engine.

Additionally, there may be additional costs associated with adding a motor to a sailboat, such as purchasing fuel, paying for maintenance, and the cost of parts and labor.

When purchasing an outboard motor, it is important to consider the size and type of motor.

Outboard motors come in various sizes and can be powered by either gasoline or diesel fuel.

Larger motors are typically more powerful and can provide more speed and range, but they are also more expensive and require more fuel.

When choosing a motor, it is important to consider the size of the boat and the type of sailing you plan to do.

Inboard motors are typically more expensive than outboard motors, but they also offer more power and range.

Inboard motors are usually powered by diesel fuel, which is more expensive than gasoline, but provides more power and is more reliable.

Additionally, inboard motors can be more difficult to install and maintain, and they may require more specialized parts and labor.

Finally, it is important to consider the cost of maintenance and repairs when adding a motor to a sailboat.

Motors require regular maintenance and may need to be serviced or repaired at some point.

Additionally, fuel costs should be taken into consideration, as this can add up over time.

It is important to factor in these costs when determining whether or not adding a motor to a sailboat is the right choice for you.

The conclusion of this blog post is that yes, sailboats do have motors.

Outboard motors are the most popular choice and can be used to help power the boat in times of little or no wind.

They are also useful for maneuvering in tight spaces and reaching higher speeds.

Inboard motors are larger and more powerful, making them better suited for larger vessels.

Both types of motors can be beneficial to sailboats, providing increased speed, range, and reliability.

Ultimately, the decision to add a motor to a sailboat is up to the boat owner.

Whether you decide to go with an outboard or an inboard motor, it can be a great addition to your sailboat.

Final Thoughts

Adding a motor to a sailboat can be an incredibly beneficial upgrade, as it provides more maneuverability, speed, and range.

Outboard motors are a great choice for smaller vessels, while inboard motors are best suited for larger boats.

It’s important to take into consideration the maintenance of the motor, as well as the cost of adding a motor to the sailboat.

Now that you know the facts, you can decide if a motor is right for your sailboat.

James Frami

At the age of 15, he and four other friends from his neighborhood constructed their first boat. He has been sailing for almost 30 years and has a wealth of knowledge that he wants to share with others.

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Do Sailboats Have Motors? Exploring Propulsion Systems in Sailboats

Sailboats are amazing vessels that can harness the power of the wind and take you to places you’ve never been before.

But do sailboats have motors? And if so, why do they need them?

In this article, we’ll answer these questions and more, and help you understand the different types of motors that sailboats can have.

The Short Answer

Why do sailboats have motors.

Sailboats have been around for thousands of years, and for most of that time, they did not have any motors. Sailors relied on their skills and knowledge of the wind and the currents to navigate the seas. They also used oars, paddles, or poles to move their boats when there was no wind or when they needed more control (about which we’ll talk later in the article).

However, in the modern era, sailing has become more than just a way of transportation or exploration. It has also become a recreational activity, a sport, and a lifestyle. Many sailors enjoy the challenge and thrill of sailing without using any motor power, but others prefer the convenience and safety of having a motor on board.

Here are some of the reasons why sailboats have motors:

Maneuvering in Crowded Spaces

One of the main reasons why sailboats have motors is to maneuver in crowded spaces, such as marinas, harbors, canals, locks, or bridges.

Sailing in these areas can be very difficult and dangerous, especially for larger or heavier boats that have less maneuverability. A motor allows a sailboat to steer more precisely, stop more quickly, and reverse direction if needed.

Many marinas and harbors have rules that prohibit sailing within their boundaries, and require boats to use their motors instead. This is to prevent accidents and collisions with other boats, docks, or structures.

Some sailboats have a motor that can be tilted up or down, which allows them to adjust their propeller depth depending on the water level.

Motoring Through Calms or Upwind

Another reason why sailboats have motors is to motor through calms or upwind. Sometimes, the wind can be too light or too variable to sail effectively, or it can be blowing from the wrong direction.

In these situations, a motor can help a sailboat to maintain its speed and course, or to reach its destination faster.

Motoring through calm or upwind can also be necessary for safety reasons. For example, if a sailboat is caught in a storm, it may need to motor away from the danger zone or find a safe harbor. Or if a sailboat is in distress, it may need to motor towards the nearest help or rescue.

Motorsailing

A third reason why sailboats have motors is to motor-sail.

Motor sailing is when a sailboat uses both its sails and its motor at the same time, to increase its speed and efficiency. Motor sailing can be done for various reasons, such as:

• To overcome adverse currents or tides
• To reduce the angle of the heel or the motion of the boat
• To balance the load on the sails and the rudder
• To reduce the wear and tear on the sails and the rigging
• To extend the range and endurance of the boat

Motor sailing can also be done for personal preference or comfort. Some sailors like to motor sail because it makes their boat more stable and quiet, or because it allows them to use less sail area and still maintain a good speed.

It’s worth noting that not all sailboats rely solely on their motors for propulsion. Sailing enthusiasts often take pride in their ability to sail and dock using the wind and tides alone. However, having a small motor on board is common for docking purposes and ensuring safety in situations where wind conditions are unfavorable or for maneuvering in crowded harbors.

Types of Sailboat Motors

Sailboats can have different types of motors, depending on their size, design, and purpose. The most common types of sailboat motors are:

Outboard Motor

An outboard motor is a motor that is mounted on the outside of the boat, usually on the transom (the back part of the boat). They’re typically used for smaller sailboats, such as dinghies , catamarans , or trailer-able boats.

For sailboats under 25 feet in length, it is common to find outboard motors installed. These compact gasoline engines offer convenience, and ease of maintenance, and can be easily attached and detached from the stern of the boat.

They also do not take up any space inside the boat, and they do not produce any fumes or noise in the cabin.

Outboard motors can be powered by gas, diesel, or electricity.

• Gas outboard motors are the most common and affordable, but they also require more maintenance and fuel.
• Diesel outboard motors are more reliable and efficient, but they are also more expensive and heavier.
• Electric outboard motors are the most eco-friendly and quiet, but they also have limited battery life and power.

Outboard motors can range from 3 to 50 horsepower, depending on the size and weight of the sailboat. The power of the outboard motor is usually expressed in terms of thrust, which is the force that the motor can produce to move the boat.

The thrust of an outboard motor depends on several factors, such as the propeller size, shape, pitch, gear ratio, and water conditions.

Inboard Motor

An inboard motor is a motor that is mounted inside the boat, usually in a compartment below the cockpit or the cabin.

Inboard motors are typically used for larger or heavier sailboats, such as cruisers, racers, or bluewater boats. Inboard motors are more powerful and efficient than outboard motors, and they can also handle rougher seas and longer distances.

They also have a lower center of gravity, which improves the stability and balance of the boat.

Inboard motors can be powered by gas, diesel, or electricity.

• Gas inboard motors are less common and less desirable for sailboats because they are less reliable and more flammable than diesel or electric motors.
• Diesel inboard motors are the most popular and preferred for sailboats because they are more reliable, efficient, and durable than gas or electric motors.
• Electric inboard motors are the most eco-friendly and quiet, but they also have limited battery life and power.

Inboard motors can range from 9 to 125 horsepower, depending on the size and weight of the sailboat. The power of the inboard motor is usually expressed in terms of torque, which is the rotational force that the motor can produce to turn the propeller.

The torque of an inboard motor depends on several factors, such as the engine size, type, and speed, the transmission type and ratio, and the propeller size, shape, and pitch.

Electric Motor

In recent years, there has been a shift towards using electric motors in sailboats as an alternative to traditional gasoline or diesel engines. Electric motors offer quieter operation, zero emissions, and reduced reliance on fossil fuels.

This eco-friendly approach aligns with the growing emphasis on sustainability and environmental consciousness within the boating community.

An electric motor is a motor that is powered by electricity, either from batteries or from solar panels. Electric motors can be either outboard or inboard, depending on their location on the boat.

Electric motors are becoming more popular and available for sailboats, because they offer several advantages over gas or diesel motors, such as:

• They are more eco-friendly and sustainable because they do not produce any emissions or noise
• They are more reliable and maintenance-free because they have fewer moving parts and fluids
• They are more efficient and cost-effective because they use less energy and fuel
• They are more convenient and user-friendly because they can be controlled remotely or automatically

However, electric motors also have some disadvantages and challenges, such as:

• They have limited battery life and power, which can limit the range and speed of the boat
• They have high initial costs and installation, which can be prohibitive for some sailors
• They have limited availability and compatibility, which can make it hard to find or replace them

Electric motors can range from 1 to 50 horsepower, depending on the size and weight of the sailboat. The power of the electric motor is usually expressed in terms of kilowatts (kW), which is the amount of energy that the motor can produce or consume per hour.

The power of an electric motor depends on several factors, such as the battery type, size, and capacity, the solar panel type, size, and output, and the controller type and settings.

How Do Sailboats Move Without Wind?

One of the most common questions that people have about sailboats is how they move without wind. After all, sailboats are supposed to use the wind as their main source of power, right?

Well, yes and no. Sailboats can use the wind to move in different directions, but they can also use other forces and methods to move without wind.

Here are some of the ways that sailboats can move without wind:

Using the Current

The current is the movement of water in a certain direction, caused by factors such as tides, winds, or temperature differences. The current can affect the speed and direction of a sailboat, depending on how it aligns with the boat’s course. A sailboat can use the current to move without wind, by positioning itself in a favorable current that goes in the same direction as the boat’s destination.

However, using the current to move without wind can also be risky and challenging, because:

• The current can be unpredictable and variable, depending on the location, time, and weather
• The current can be too strong or too weak, depending on the depth, width, and shape of the waterway
• The current can be counterproductive or dangerous if it goes in the opposite direction or creates hazards such as eddies, whirlpools, or rapids

Therefore, a sailboat that uses the current to move without wind must have a good knowledge of the local water conditions, and a good navigation and steering system.

Using the Oars, Paddles, or Poles

Another way that sailboats can move without wind is by using oars, paddles, or poles. These are manual tools that can be used to propel a sailboat by applying force to the water. Oars are long wooden sticks with flat blades at one end, that are attached to the boat by oarlocks. Paddles are similar to oars, but they are not attached to the boat, and they have blades at both ends. Poles are long wooden or metal sticks with pointed ends, that are used to push against the bottom of shallow water.

Using oars, paddles, or poles to move without wind can be effective and simple, because:

• They do not require any fuel or electricity
• They do not produce any noise or pollution
• They can be easily stored and deployed

However, using oars, paddles, or poles to move without wind can also be inefficient and exhausting, because:

• They require a lot of physical strength and endurance
• They have limited speed and range
• They can be impractical or impossible in deep or rough water

Therefore, a sailboat that uses oars, paddles, or poles to move without wind must have a fit and willing crew, and a suitable water depth and condition.

Using the Motor

The most obvious and common way that sailboats can move without wind is by using the motor. As we have discussed earlier, most sailboats have a motor that can be used for various purposes. A motor can provide a sailboat with consistent and reliable power, regardless of the wind condition.

Using the motor to move without wind can be convenient and safe, because:

• It can increase the speed and efficiency of the boat
• It can enable the boat to reach any destination or direction
• It can help the boat to avoid or escape from danger or trouble

However, using the motor to move without wind can also be costly and problematic, because:

• It can consume a lot of fuel and money
• It can cause a lot of noise and pollution
• It can break down or malfunction

Therefore, a sailboat that uses the motor to move without wind must have a sufficient and accessible fuel supply and a regular and proper maintenance system.

Frequently Asked Questions

Yes, most sailboats have a motor in them, either outboard or inboard. The motor is used for maneuvering in crowded spaces, motoring through calms or upwind, or motor-sailing.

A sailboat with a motor is usually called a sailboat unless it is a special type of sailboat that is designed to use both sails and motor equally well. This type of sailboat is called a motorsailer.

Sailboats tend to be safer than motorboats. They have a keel or a centerboard that prevents them from capsizing easily. They can use the wind as their main power source. Also, they have a mast and sails that can be seen and heard from afar, which makes them more visible and audible to other boats.

Sailboats are wonderful and versatile boats that can offer a lot of fun and adventure. But do sailboats have motors? The answer is yes, most sailboats have motors, but not all sailboats need them. The type and size of the motor depend on the age, design, and purpose of the sailboat.

Some sailboats use motors only for maneuvering in tight spaces or when there is no wind. Others use motors to supplement their sailing performance or to travel long distances without relying on the wind.

Sailboats can have different types of motors, such as outboard, inboard, or electric. Each type of motor has its own advantages and disadvantages, depending on the power, efficiency, reliability, cost, and environmental impact. Sailboats can also move without wind, by using other forces and methods, such as the current, the oars, paddles, or poles, or the motor.

We hope that this article has helped you to understand more about sailboats and motors. If you are interested in sailing or buying a sailboat, you may want to check out some of our other articles on  sailing terms for beginners ,  what to wear sailing in cold weather , or  how much a sail costs .

Happy sailing!

Saiful Emon is the founder and editor of Sun Sea Skis , a sailing blog for adventure seekers. He loves sailing, traveling, and sharing his experiences with others. He also writes about fitness, wellness, business, and marketing in his spare time!

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A Complete Guide to Sailboats: All You Need to Know!

While motorboats are the preferred choice for watersports , they are loud, noisy, and don’t offer you the best experience for a clam boating experience. However, the sailboat provides a serene sailing experience that’s quiet, relaxing, offering you plenty of fun on the water.

Sailboats come in a wide variety of configurations, lengths, and features, giving you passenger capacities from one person to 15-people or more, depending on the size of the model. Learning to sail is a skill all watermen should have in their repertoire; it’s the original form of boating and a highly sought-after skill.

This brief guide to sailboats gives you everything you need to know about choosing the right sailboat for your aquatic adventures.

What is a Sailboat?

A sailboat is a broad term defining many different boats. There are several categories of sailboats with plenty of sail options. The types of sails define your boat, and here are the most popular choices for these watercraft.

• The modern sloop, featuring a single mast and two sails.
• The macaroni or Bermuda rig offers tall triangular-shaped sails.
• A racing sloop for higher speeds and competitive sailing.
• The masthead sloop, with the jib reaching to the end of the masthead.
• The fractional sloop rig features a proportionately larger mainsail and smaller jib.
• The single-sail cat rig.
• The ketch rig features a smaller mast aft, also known as a mizzenmast.
• The yawl is similar in design to a ketch rig.
• The schooner featuring two to four masts positioned further forward in the boat.

While these are the most common sail types, several others are less common with modern sailing techniques. The topsail featuring multi-flying jibs are better suited to long journeys, and many recreational sailors aren’t going to be out on the water for months at a time.

The rule of thumb is that the larger the sail and the more sails you have, the bigger the crew required to operate the boat. However, if you’re looking for a solo rig, there are plenty of smaller options available.

The Laser is an excellent example of a popular single-person sailboat designed for recreational and competitive use. These boats make the ideal starter vessel for someone who’s learning the ropes of sailing.

Different Types of Sailboats

Sailboats rely on the wind to power the vessel through the water. However, there are those days on the lake or ocean where the wind is flat. As a result, most sailboats come with small outboard or trolling motors to power them through the water on windless days.

You have several options for sailboat design, with the most popular options being the following.

The catamaran uses two hulls to power the boat through the water, offering less drag and faster sailing speeds. They are often the choice for professional racing boats, allowing the vessel to cut through rough seas.

These boats also come in luxury models allowing for spending days or weeks out on the water. The most advanced models will also feature hydrofoils that lift the hull out of the water at high speeds, providing more stability, less drag, and higher cruising speeds.

The beach catamaran operates with a sail, while the cruising model relies on an outboard motor for a backup to the sail on calm days.

Cruising Sailboat

The cruising sailboat features a design for covering long distances on the ocean. The cruiser will offer you the benefits of long-term liveaboard conditions, featuring luxury accommodations and amenities like full kitchens, heads, and bedrooms.

As the name implies, the daysailer is suitable for day trips out on the ocean or the lake. These models feature a multi-hull or monohull design, and some come with sleeping accommodations.

Due to the smaller size of these vessels, they are often trailerable, providing easy transport between launch locations. The motorsailer gives you the advantages of the daysailer, with an additional engine for powering the boat on windless days out on the water.

The daysailer will also feature amenities like a kitchen and head, and they often come with sleeping accommodation.

Racing Sailboat

The racing sailboat or yacht offers you a competitive vessel focusing on speed and maneuverability. Many models come with lightweight carbon fiber designs for higher speeds and hull stability when cutting through the water.

Most models also feature hydrofoils that lift the hull from the water, providing stable cruising speeds and fast sailing.

These boats are not suitable for beginners, and they require a competent, experienced team. You get full amenities, but they are more bare-bones, and don’t expect any luxury features because they need to save on weight with the design.

Sailing Dinghy

The sailing dinghy is a small sailboat suitable for one or two people. They are not ideal for open-ocean use as they present a sinking risk in rough water conditions.

However, they are great for learning how to sail, and many models come with a single-person operation for easy sailing. It’s a great boat for building your sailing skills in preparation for a larger model.

Kiteboards and Windsurfers

Kiteboards and windsurfers aren’t technically boats, but they rely on wind power for operation. They are a great choice for a sporty time out on the water and suitable for freshwater and ocean use.

The Fastest Sailing Boats

While they don’t have motors, and can’t reach the same speeds as powerboats, sailing yachts can reach high speeds in favorable wind conditions. If you have the need for speed with your sailing, then try one of the following models for a thrilling experience on the water.

The fastest sailboats include the following models.

• Specialized high-performance boats (up to 65-knots)
• Kiteboards and Windsurfers (50-knots)
• Hydrofoil monohulls (50-knots)
• Hydrofoil multi-hulls (44-knots)
• High-performance multi-hull boats (20-knots)
• Offshore racer monohulls (less than 20-knots)

The hydrofoil technology found in more expensive models lifts the hull from the water as the boat engages its top-end speed. The foil adds a smooth sailing experience that’s unlike any other hull type when engaged.

How Much Does a Sailboat Cost?

Sailboats come in various models, from small single-person models to boats requiring a full crew to operate. The cost of the vessel depends on the design materials (carbon fiber models are the most expensive), the length of the boat, the sail design, accessories and amenities, and the manufacturing brand.

Small to mid-sized boast can cost anything from $10,000 to $80,000, with sports models costing up to $150,000. Luxury models with longer lengths and sports cats can cost you anywhere up to $500,000 or more, depending on the features.

Benefits of Sailboats

The sailboat has plenty of advantages out on the water. Here are some of the top benefits of sailboats.

Quiet Sailing

Sailboats rely on the sail to power the vessel. As a result, you get no motor noise, and you can enjoy the sound of the ocean as you sail along. Some models come with motors to propel the boat if it’s a calm day with low winds.

Live Aboard

Most larger models come with V-berths and living accommodations for spending several days out on the water. The type of accommodations varies from basic in racing models to pure luxury in cruisers. However, the luxury models will add dollars to the price tag, depending on your customizations.

Trailerable

The smaller models of sailing boats are easy to trailer. The Laser is a good example, with easy trailering suitable for a single person to navigate.

Multiple Sizing Options

Sailboats come in designs and lengths to suit any activity out on the water. Whether you want a boat to cruise the lakes by yourself or tackle the oceans with a crew, there is a model to suit your needs.

Disadvantages of Sailboats

The sailboat offers you a fantastic cruising experience out on the water. However, these boats do come with a few drawbacks.

Smaller Motors

Since the boat relies on the sail to do the work, most models don’t come with large backup motors. You can expect low-power outboards or trolling motors to power the vessel when the wind is low.

Large Models Don’t Suit Trailers

The large sailboats over 30-feet don’t suit trailers. The larger keels and foils on these boats mean that they can’t reach shallow waters. As a result, you need a professional towing service to take the boat from the marina to the shipyard for repairs or alterations.

Not Suitable for Watersports

While some sailboats might be okay for diving, they are not suitable for watersports like skiing, tubing, and wakeboarding.

Expensive Customizations

Some of the high-end luxury models come with so many customizations your head will spin. It’s important to set your budget when looking at sailboats, or you could end up spending more than you expect on the customizations and accessories for these boats.

Sail Repairs

If your sail is up in stormy conditions, you run the risk of tearing the material. Sails can be costly to replace or repair, and it may take weeks to find the right sailor to make the repair, keeping your boat out of the water.

Top Sailboat Brands & Models

There are dozens of sailboat brands and hundreds of models available. We chose the following sailboats as the best option for your first boat.

Bavaria C57

The Bavaria C57 is the company’s flagship model, offering you a sleek, streamlined version of the cruiser-line model.

This boat features a design from Maurizio Cossutti. It comes with a smooth hull featuring nanotechnology to help the boat glide through the water effortlessly. The vinyl ester resin construction is durable and lightweight, adding speed to the boat in good wind conditions.

You get twin helms and dual rudders, along with a huge drop-down transom. This model comes with some surprising accessories, including a grill and refrigerator in the boat’s aft for fun on the water.

You have three lounges on the deck, with a large cockpit for the crew and captain.

X-Yachts X4.6

The X-Yachts X4.6 model is a performance cruiser offering you a vacuum-sealed epoxy hull for lightweight strength and durability. The boat comes with the signature galvanized steel grid found on X-Yacht models adding strength and rigidity to the frame for use in rough water conditions.

The boat features a self-tacking jib for easy coming about and total control of the vessel in turns. You get twin helms and an open cockpit design for racing or cruising. This model also includes a dedicated locker for a life raft under the cockpit bench on the vessel’s starboard side.

Beneteau Oceanis 30.1

The Beneteau Oceanis 30.1 is easy to sail, with a setup that suits any sailing style. This boat is a classic, offering purists a fantastic option for their sailboat. You get twin rudders with a fixed spirit, a plumb bow for fine entry, and a backstay-free rig accommodating a square-top design for easy sailing.

This model is a great choice for overnight sailing trips, offering you two full-size cabins kitted with luxury finishes. There are saloon benches that double as a berth, and you get an astounding 6’6″ of headroom below deck in the berth.

You also have the choice of a tiller or steering wheel for a truly authentic sailing experience purists will appreciate. You also have options for a swing keel version allowing for easy sailing along rivers and canals without the threat of hitting submerged rocks or logs or running the vessel aground.

This sailboat is the best choice for beginners. You get an easy-to-manage sail configuration that teaches you the basics of sailing and enough space on the boat for two people.

This model is a great choice for an affordable entry-level sailboat with a fiberglass design for lightweight movement and speed and the option of sailing the boat along with its user-friendly rigging system.

Wrapping Up

Whether you’re a purist, modern sailor, or competitor, you’ll find that there’s a sailboat model to suit your needs and sailing style. These boats offer you the most authentic experience when out on the water, and you don’t have to worry about filling up the gas tank to get home.

John is an experienced journalist and veteran boater. He heads up the content team at BoatingBeast and aims to share his many years experience of the marine world with our readers.

A Complete Guide to Micro Skiffs: All You Need to Know!

A complete guide to narrow boats: all you need to know, a guide to aluminum fishing boats.

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The Ultimate Guide to Choosing a Powerboat vs. a Sailboat

The decision between owning a sailboat vs. owning a powerboat can be a tough choice. The marina costs for both will be the same (depending on their size), and they both will have maintenance expenses related to their motors and other equipment. The real differences lie in how you intend to use it and what kind of experience you hope to have on the water.  

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If you want to fish and relax on the water, then the powerboat is the right choice for you. If you feel a sense of pride in navigating the water and weather with your own bare hands, then a sailboat will be more your style.

We’ve put together a list of pros and cons in owning and operating a powerboat vs. a sailboat to help you make your decision between the two lifestyles.

A powerboat is an ultimate Bay and ocean boat and is great transport for bays or short fishing trips into the wide-open water. Whenever you get the urge, you can hop in, turn the key, and go wherever your heart desires.

• Low Clearance. If you have bridges between you and many of your planned destinations, you’ll want to get a powerboat. No need to worry about mast height preventing you from taking a trip.

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• Motor Sound. If you don’t like the constant noise of a powerful engine, then the loud motor on the powerboat will be a con for you.

A sailboat is the perfect boat for people who want to connect to the water and weather on a primal level and understand how to navigate the world on their own power. If you want to live the ultimate boating adventure and explore the world by boat, then a sailboat is the boat you want.

• Quiet. Because sailboats rely on wind instead of the power of a motor, the ride is quiet. Only the sounds of the surrounding water, the whistling wind and the snapping of the sails to keep you company.
• Energy-Consuming. Sailing is a very hands-on lifestyle. It is often said that those with powerboats live for the destination, while those with sailboats live for the journey. A journey in a sailboat requires constant adjustment of the sails, steering, and sometimes even adjusting your plans if the weather turns.

Whether you decide on a powerboat or a sailboat, Atomic Tuna Yachts has the perfect boat for you. Contact us to find out what boat is right for you and your lifestyle.  

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The Best Outboard Motor for a Sailboat

Last Updated by

Daniel Wade

June 15, 2022

The technology of sailing has remained mostly unchanged for centuries. Since learning to harness the power of wind, sailors have been transiting the world’s oceans, expanding trade routes and exploring new cultures. Although nothing more than a renewable natural resource and a single sail is needed to move a sailboat along the water, there are times when it’s important (and in our modern age, convenient) to leverage off a motor to get you where you need to go.

Like any unique piece of equipment in the world of sailing, outboard motors come in a variety of sizes with features and options to fit any owner’s needs. But of course, one size doesn’t fit all. Every boat is different – even those that come off the production line at the same time – and every owner is looking for something specific when it comes to their sailboat. From the purpose of owning the boat (blue water sailing vs. racing) to the location and impact on maintenance (cold weather vs. tropical weather), an outboard motor is just one of the many elements that will define a sailboat’s function and performance.

Whether you’re a new owner, or a veteran sailor, it’s important to know the basic components of any outboard motor . You should also have an idea of what you want your outboard motor to do for your size and model sailboat.

Table of contents

Outboard Motor Size

A larger boat doesn’t necessarily mean a larger motor. Although there are different ratings for different classes of boats, a small power plant can be more effective than a larger one. Conversely, an outboard motor can easily overpower a small boat and create unsafe conditions at high speeds. Guidelines and requirements differ between motorboats and sailboats. And while there is some overlap, these considerations apply directly to sailboats.

Engine power has to do with how much water a boat displaces. For sailboats, smaller is better. If you’re a bit of a math geek, the exact formula is 4 horsepower for every 2200lb of weight. Coupled with a propeller size, which can be determined using a propeller calculator , you’ll get a rough estimate to use as a guideline to start shopping. This is a good first step, since size is essentially a fixed variable. Though it’s worth noting for those who are buying a sailboat directly from the manufacturer, that actual weight will increase after delivery – once all other rigging and outfitting has been completed.

Physical size of your outboard motor is an important consideration and is directly related to the design of your sailboat. An outboard motor is made up of three parts from top to bottom:

• The Powerhead – Houses the engine. The bulbous part of the motor.
• The Midsection – Houses the exhaust system. Varies in length and design.
• The Lower Unit – Propellers attach to the gearbox. Submerged when operational.

Shaft length is an important design element and should be considered when purchasing a motor. A shaft that is too short will obviously prevent the propeller from being submerged in water, while a shaft that is too long will extend the propellers too far. Not only will it decrease the efficiency of your engine, it will create unnecessary drag. Know your transom length when looking at different models.

When an outboard motor is not being used, it should be stowed in its upright position. Some of the larger motors have an automated switch that will raise it out of the water, but some must be secured manually. Make sure everyone who sails with you is capable of lifting and securing the motor out of the water in case of an emergency.

Outboard Motor Power

Any kind of motor installed on a sailboat (inboard or outboard) should be viewed as a tool to help with maneuvering. Although there are some very skilled sailors out there who can sail into their slip without the aid of a motor, many harbors have restrictions that either don’t allow for the use of full sails, or there simply isn’t enough room to maneuver. A motor with both forward and reverse gears helps tremendously with docking.

While there is no exact correlation between boat length and total weight, the following is a rough guideline:

• 1-4 HP for boats up to 20’ (approximately 1000-2000lbs)
• 4-18 HP for boats between 20-30’ (approximately 2,000-10,000lbs)
• 18-34 HP for boats between 30-40’ (10,000lbs or more)

There are some things to consider when deciding how much horsepower you need or want. Location and the type of conditions you expect you’ll be sailing in is one of the biggest factors. Heavy seas and high winds typically associated with open ocean sailing will put more strain on your engine, and in some cases overpower it, whereas an engine that is heavier than needed will add unnecessary weight when racing. If you plan on motoring for long distances, consider purchasing an engine that will stand up to a lot of use.

Less HP is required for:

• Boat Design – Single hull boats made out of fiberglass require less power.
• 2-Stroke Engines – This is due to an overall lighter weight engine and higher torque.
• Diesel Engines – Diesel delivers more torque because the rate of compression is greater.
• Bigger Propellers – More surface area means more water displacement.
• Location – Motoring on lakes and rivers requires less power than open ocean.
• Distance – A smaller engine is suitable for shorter distances.

More HP is required for:

• Boat Design – Catamarans and heavier boats (regardless of size) require more power.
• 4-Stroke Engine – Engine weight and an extra step of compression yields less power.
• Gas Engines – The rate of compression for gas engines is much lower than diesel.
• Smaller Propeller – A smaller propeller displaces less water.
• Location – Open ocean, with tides and currents, will strain a smaller engine.
• Distance – Cover more distance when wind conditions are poor requires a larger engine.

Outboard Motor Cost

There is no way to quantify how much you will pay for any given motor. But there are several costs associated with owning an outboard motor that are definitely worth considering when making your purchase.

Certainly, a lager, more-powerful engine is going to be costlier than a smaller engine with lower horsepower. But as mentioned earlier, size is not necessarily a guarantee of performance and efficiency. At the same time, there’s only so much you can get out of an engine before you exceed its capability. Larger engines tend to help with resale value should you choose to sell your boat at some point, but a boat outfitted with right motor to begin with will always perform better than a motor that’s large just for the sake of it.

Factor in maintenance costs and fuel when looking at models. You want to run your engine at around 90% of its max RPMs to balance proper fuel usage and with wear and tear. Making a few calls to marine mechanics to inquire about an engine you’re interested in will give you a lot of information a sales person won’t be able to give you. The good news about outboard motors is that most of them are portable, which means you won’t have the added cost of either paying a mechanic to come to you, or having to get your boat to the yard, which usually requires help from a very good friend willing to spend all day driving and sailing back and forth.

Owning a boat requires constant care and maintenance, so a little knowledge goes a long way. While an outboard motor is not required for sailing, it’s a convenient addition that can greatly increase your enjoyment out on the water. Being patient and spending time researching engines will not only help you make the correct purchase but will help you take advantage of a great deal when it presents itself. Whether you sail the Caribbean, or race off the coast of California in a catamaran, there is an outboard motor that’s just right for you.

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I've personally had thousands of questions about sailing and sailboats over the years. As I learn and experience sailing, and the community, I share the answers that work and make sense to me, here on Life of Sailing.

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Electric Sailboat Motor: Range, Cost, Best Kits for Conversion

Today, owning a completely green sailboat has been made possible with electric sailboat motors.

Imagine cruising with the silence of an electric sailboat motor and the ease of use with a simple press on the start button. What’s better is there are no exhaust fumes at all with significantly less maintenance.

It’s so appealing that a lot of sailing liveaboards have made their electric sailboat motor conversion.

However, some sailors are still on the fence, worrying about the range and price of the electric sailboat motor.

If you are one of them, you are in the right place!

This post will guide you through every aspect you need to know about electric sailboat motors to help you make an informed decision.

Besides, you will get professional insights on how to make the electric sailboat motor conversion for your own boat and learn the best electric sailboat motors (with honest reviews).

Table of contents:

• Electric Sailboat Motors: Confusion Explained

Electric Sailboat Motor or Combustion Motor

• Electric Yacht Motor Conversion: Two Solutions
• How to Size an Electric Sailboat Motor

Best Electric Sailboat Motors (with Reviews)

Electric Sailboat Motor: Confusion Explained

Can you go cruising with an electric sailboat motor? Can you put an electric motor on a sailboat? Are there any limitations?

Whether electric sailboat motors are a good fit for your boat is not a YES or NO question. Here we will explain your top worries with statistics and facts. That way, you can make a wise decision according to your situation.

You may hear some complaints about the batteries and range of the electric propulsion.

However, their experience may not suit electric sailboat motors.

In fact, even small electric engines work pretty well in many sailboats. That’s because most of the time, the wind can power the boat, and the motor is just used for docking or in rare times when there is no wind.

Therefore, it makes more sense to learn electric sailboat motor performance in real-world applications.

Here is a test report of a 3 HP electric sailboat motor on an RS21 racing sailboat:

As you can see, the small electric sailboat motor can run at 5.5 mph top speed for one hour continuously.

And there is a big difference in terms of range vs speed for electric sailboat motors:

If you lower the speed, the range and runtime can be greatly extended. The slower you go, the further you’ll get. For example, if you cut your speed in half, the electric sailboat motor can last 7 hours and go 20 miles within one charge.

That’s pretty sufficient if you use the electric yacht motor mostly for docking or as an auxiliary engine.

Faster top speed (and more range) is available with higher power electric sailboat motors depending on your specific requirements. Contact a specialist to design your electric sailboat motor solutions.

Also, don’t forget to get the electric sailboat motor with regeneration (See recommendations below).

That’s to say, when there is a lot of wind and you’re moving rapidly via your sails, they regenerate and store electric power on the batteries to keep you moving at other times. Solar recharging is also a plus.

Essentially, the range depends on how many batteries you have, so it’s not a limitation of electric sailboat motors but energy and batteries.

If you are still worried, you can offset this by getting a diesel generator, which is more efficient than a diesel engine. And it is a range extender when you need it, but for 90% of your motoring that you don’t need the range, you can rely on the electric sailboat motor.

Some of you might be concerned about the extra weight of the batteries.

In fact, an electric sailboat motor with lithium batteries weighs less than a diesel engine, particularly if you include the fuel weight.

If you want a lightweight electric sailboat motor solution, make sure you get one with LiFePO4 batteries . Compared with other marine batteries, they are more compact in design with much less weight and higher energy density.

Some more advanced electric motors for small sailboats (such as Spirit 1.0 Evo) feature an integrated lightweight battery. So you don’t need to worry about the complex wiring to hook it up or extra space to store the battery.

This is a huge plus if you want to use the electric sailboat motor on a tender or dinghy.

Here is also a chart that collects the weight of some popular electric sailboat motors for your reference:

For many people, another big problem with electric sailboat motors is the cost.

It’s true that a gasoline outboard with similar power is a lot cheaper to buy. However, the electric sailboat motor eventually wins in long-term operating cost. That’s especially the case if you are going to do a lot of motoring.

Electric sailboat motors save on fuel and maintenance costs, which can build up to a large amount over time.

Here is a chart that compares the cost of a 3HP electric sailboat motor (coming with a built-in battery) with its combustion counterpart:

That’s to say, you will cover the price difference for electric yacht motors eventually as long as you use it long enough. Click to check the details of the calculation .

What makes the electric sailboat motor even more worthwhile is it saves you a lot of hassles, especially for sailors who only use the engine in and out of the harbor. Dealing with the maintenance of the gas outboard for a 10 minute motor out of and into the harbor is disproportionate and painful.

*The higher horsepower electric sailboat motor may be different in terms of the cost calculation. Check out the outboard motor pricelist by HP for more information.

As you may have already noticed, electric propulsion has already been widely used in the marine industry:

It’s quiet while motoring, clean to handle, environmentally friendly, with less maintenance and operation costs.

The electric sailboat motors are easier to use with dramatically fewer moving parts to break and no worries about being a diesel mechanic to deal with the hard pulling start. You can have it always on, so it is ready whenever you need it.

And it makes even more sense in sailing applications:

You don’t really need to motor much if your plan is to actually sail. If you are completely becalmed, you will probably just need to motor at 2 knots to keep making way, which is easy for electric sailboat motors.

If you mostly use the motor to get into and out of the harbor, the electric sailboat motor also works great for you.

You can always charge up at the dock, motor out of the marina (or even motor to your sailing area or race start), then hoist the sails and when you’re through, the batteries are charged again.

The electric sailboat motor is also useful as a backup (kicker) motor in case your system goes down. That’s why you can see people pushing a lot of big boats with small electric motors. (Click to learn more information about kicker motors .)

Personally, it’s really nice to have an electric auxiliary in the boat – no smelly, messy diesel and motor oil to deal with, a much simpler system with less maintenance, and much, much quieter operation.

However, powerboats tend to have much higher requirements in terms of both power output and runtime. In that case, an electric sailboat motor can be hard to satisfy your needs.

How Do You Size an Electric Motor for a Sailboat?

As a rule of thumb, you will need approximately 1 HP per 550 lb of the displacement of your boat.

Generally speaking, a 3 HP electric sailboat motor can push a sailboat up to 25 ft and a 9.9 HP motor is sufficient for a 30 ft sailboat to motor at a satisfying speed.

However, bear in mind the horsepower you need always depends on your needs and applications.

It’s better to check the data from real-world tests to decide whether the electric sailboat motor is suitable for your specific needs.

For example, the 9.9 HP electric sailboat motor Navy 6.0 allows you to go at 6.9 mph (11.1 kph) on a 30 ft sailboat, and the range can be extended to 46.4 miles if you decrease your speed to 2.9 mph (4.6 kph).

Click to see more test reports with other electric motor and sailboat combinations, and find the electric sailboat motor that suits you best.

If you are still not sure about the size of the electric sailboat motor for you, feel free to leave us a comment and we will get back to you ASAP with professional suggestions.

Electric Sailboat Motor Conversion

Basically, there are two ways for you to convert your sailboat to a clean and quiet electric drive system:

You can either convert your current vessel to electric or buy an engineless yacht and install an electric sailboat motor on your own.

#1. Repower Your Sailboat with Electric Motor

If you decide to replace the diesel engine with an electric motor, you will need to do a lot of preparations:

The DIY approach requires an electric sailboat motor kit (including motor and controller), batteries, a good level of mechanical ability and basic electrical knowledge, as well as some common tools such as a voltmeter.

You will need to take the old engine out for the new electric sailboat motor installation. It’s not an easy task that involves removing the engine mounts and the drive shaft (dealing with the numerous hoses and cables), taking out the engine, exhaust system, fuel tank, and its attendant tubes, etc.

Remember to balance the boat to avoid listing during the electric sailboat motor conversion.

Then in with the new electric sailboat motor. The installation process can be straightforward if you choose the electric sailboat motor kit wisely (See steps below). Furthermore, you can set up solar charging for your electric sailboat motor with solar panels and charger.

Many sailors have recorded their electric sailboat motor conversion process and experience. Be sure to check them out to get some inspiration. For example, Ed Phillips has documented everything which can serve as a guide for newbies to get started.

Mind you there can be a whole heap that can go wrong in designing and maintaining the electric sailboat motor systems. You really need to be totally on top of it if you want decent performance or reliability.

If you are not that technically inclined, it’s better to talk to a specialist first to discuss your plan for a smooth electric sailboat motor conversion.

#2. Install an Electric Motor in a Sailboat

If you own an enginless sailboat, the electric sailboat motor conversion is much easier for you.

All you need to do is to find a reliable electric sailboat motor and install it in simple steps. The whole process can be easily done, even for beginners. Here we take the popular 6 HP electric sailboat motor Navy 3.0 as an example to show you the installation process:

• Step 1 : Rotate the clamps or use the screws to fix the outboard onto the sailboat.
• Step 2: Mount the steering system in the proper position.
• Step 3: Install the tiller on the electric sailboat motor.
• Step 4: Connect the batteries to the electric sailboat motor system.

Click to check the video tutorial that guides you through each step of the installation.

If you are worried about aesthetic issues and want higher horsepower options, an electric inboard motor can be a better suit for your sailboat. If you prefer an inboard motor for your sailboat, contact our OEM team to get an electric propulsion solution tailored to your needs.

Note : You might find some electric trolling motors rated by #s of thrust on the market. Actually, those electric trolling motors for sailboats can only provide limited speed and range. If you are heading into the wind, the trolling motors for sailboats are definitely not an ideal solution.

Once you’ve evaluated if electric sailboat motors are right for you, there are a lot of options for electric systems.

Here are some popular electric sailboat motors with positive reviews from customers worldwide. Fast charger is available for all the models recommended to reduce your charging stress.

#1. 3 HP Spirit 1.0 Evo

If you are looking for an electric motor for a small sailboat, be sure to check out the ePropulsion Spirit 1.0 Evo. It’s suitable for large daysailers or small cruising sailboats under 25 ft.

With the Spirit 1.0 Evo electric sailboat motor, you can go 5.5 mph (8.8 kph) at top speed on the 21 ft RS21 sailing boat, or troll for 20 hours continuously at 2.2 mph (3.5 kph) according to our test .

This electric sailboat motor with regeneration allows you to recover energy from the prop while under sail. It will start to generate power automatically when the sailing speed reaches 2 knots.

As an electric auxiliary sailboat motor, it can also be easily installed on your tender boats or yacht dinghies since it’s portable and easy to transport (with a lightweight integrated battery).

Features You Will Love:

• Come with the industry-first hydrogeneration capability
• Direct-drive technology makes it maintenance-free
• Portable with a 1276Wh large integrated lithium battery for long range
• Safety wristband keeps you safe in case of MOB
• Digital operation keeps you informed of the battery status

Spirit 1.0 Evo Electric Sailboat Motor Reviews:

“Great weekend with my 17′ sailboat powered by the Spirit Evo. This is great. Quiet and reliable. Went at 3/4 throttle for about 1.5hrs when taking it back to boat ramp.” – Robert Taylor

“Very happy with our Spirit Plus. Pushing our Kolibri 560 a 750 Kg sailboat, with ease. Doing about 5.8 km/h at 500W.” – Frank van Asten

#2. 6HP/9.9 HP Navy Evo Series

If you want a little more juice on the electric sailboat motor, check out the ePropulsion Navy Series. It offers 6 HP and 9.9 HP models for your selection and it provides sufficient power for sailboats up to 30 ft.

According to our test , the 6 HP electric motor Navy 3.0 can push the Catalina 25 sailboat (25 ft) at 6 mph (9.6 kph) top speed, while the Olga 33 sailboat (33 ft) can go at 7.5 mph (12 kph) with the 9.9 HP Navy 6.0 motor.

The Navy series electric sailboat motor also comes with regeneration features which can be recharged with hydrogeneration, wind turbine, and solar panel.

• Four controls to fit your sailboat installation and your boating style
• Accompany LiFePO4 batteries (need separate purchase) are more energy efficient
• Digital display offers real-time monitoring of the power and battery
• Magnetic kill switch and safety wristband keep you safe on the boat
• Electric start saves you trouble pulling the cord to start

Navy Series Electric Sailboat Motor Reviews:

“I have a Navy 3.0 with E80 on a Catalina 25 sailboat. It is working well. Currently I am using about 4% battery to go in/out of the marina by boat.” – Aaron Young

“Just finished my 8 weeks sailing journey in the Baltic Sea. The two Navy 3 outboards provide enough power for my 33ft catamaran. The 400W solar panels provided enough energy for engines and all other energy consumed on board with 2-6 persons. The two Navy Batteries provide power for engines and all other on-board electric devices. I never had to use shore power, so totally self-sufficient electric system.” – Martin Hildebrand

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Lightweight and Small Outboard Motors for Sailboats

• By Ed Sherman
• Updated: April 22, 2019

When you’re facing strong winds and you need to get somewhere fast, it’s time to break out a small outboard such as an aluminum genny. A dependable outboard that has enough horsepower to get you to the racecourse and back, yet is light enough not to be a drag on your race results, is invaluable. Most racing sailors don’t need as much horsepower as they might think.

An eight-horsepower outboard, for example, will push a 30-foot, 6,000-pound boat along at 6.5 knots. Anything bigger will weigh more than 90 pounds and isn’t suitable for lifting on and off the stern. Here’s our roundup of some of the best outboard motors for sailboats, and some help in deciphering what’s right for your boat.

We focus our attention on engines available under nine different brand names. Two of the best-known names, Johnson and Evinrude, have dropped out of the small-engine end of the market as part of parent company Bombardier Corporation’s restructuring of these two companies. Currently they’re advertising the availability of six- and eight-horsepower four-stroke models in 2003. Another dropout in the mini-engine market is Suzuki. Their smallest two-stroke is a five-horsepower unit and in the four-stroke configuration, a 9.9 horsepower. Brand and corporate shuffling aside, of particular interest is whether the companies that are building nine horsepower- and-below engines have incorporated four-stroke technology into the lower horsepower range, since it’s now beginning to dominate the mid-sized and larger outboard engine market. The answer to that is yes, to a point.

Two or Four Stroke Outboards for Sailboats

Outboards are either two or four-stroke engines, and the four-strokes have definitely gained favor in recent years for several reasons: they’re quiet, they use much less fuel, and they run more cleanly. Since no oil is mixed with the fuel, the classic two-cycle smokescreen isn’t a factor. In a four-stroke, the piston reciprocates inside the cylinder four times for each power stroke (that is, each time fuel combusts). Rather than opening ports cut into the sides of the cylinder, intake and exhaust valves controlled by a camshaft allow a fuel/air mix to enter the combustion chamber with the suction created by the piston as it moves inward in its cylinder. Exhaust gases are forced out of the cylinder as the piston moves outward.

By carefully designing the camshaft, engineers minimize the amount of time that the intake and exhaust valves are both open, considerably reducing the amount of unburned fuel that exits with the exhaust stream. The end result? Fewer emissions and greater economy.

But they do have at least one distinct disadvantage for the racing sailor, and that’s weight. For example, four-stroke engines in the five-horsepower category are about 20 percent heavier than comparable two-stroke engines of the same horsepower. The good news, however, is that only amounts to between 10 and 15 pounds, depending upon the engine. Four-stroke engines cost more, also, but the improved technology may be well worth it.

If you’re totally weight and price conscious, you’ll want a two-stroke engine. But, if you think you can lose the weight elsewhere, a clean, quiet four-stroke without the hassle of mixing fuel could be the answer. In fact, Mercury/ Mariner’s newest six-horse four-stroke engines are actually 18 pounds lighter than their older two-stroke equivalents–a testament to the benefits of improved design and technology.

Environmental regulations are pushing manufacturers towards four-strokes as well. Four-strokes meet emission control standards, and US Environmental Protection Agency regulations mandate that new outboard and personal watercraft engines reduce engine hydrocarbon emissions by 75 percent by 2006. Environmentally conscious sailors should look for either a C.A.R.B. (California Air Resources Board) “very-low” or “ultra-low” designator, or a specification indicating 2006 EPA compliance.

How Much Horsepower Do You Need?

The amount of power you’ll need depends on several key factors. The first consideration is the weight of your boat. The second is the boat’s wetted surface. Full-keel boats not only weigh more but also have more surface area to push through the water. My rule of thumb here is to start with a two-horsepower engine for small centerboard and keelboats less than 1,000 pounds, and add one horsepower for every 1,000 pounds of displacement. For more exact, albeit complex formulae, I suggest The Propeller Handbook by Dave Gerr (McGraw-Hill 2001).

Compare your boat’s dimensions against what existing classes have found to work; for example, a Melges 24 at 1,650 pounds is typically rigged with a three-horsepower short-shaft engine, while a J/80 at 2,900 pounds can still squeak by with a long-shaft, three-horsepower engine. A 1,790 pound J/22, on the other hand, typically uses a four-horsepower long-shaft engine. On the larger end of boats using outboards, you’ll find the outboard version of the J/29, at 6,000 pounds, requires a 7.5-horsepower long-shaft engine.

If you are intending to do some cruising, or even long deliveries to regattas, an option that’s available on some engines is a high-thrust propeller. On larger boats, this option can save weight over a bigger engine and really make a difference when trying to punch through a strong tide or headwind. High-thrust props cost more and are less fuel efficient–but they can save weight and give you more power.

Once you’ve determined how big an engine you’ll need, the next step is to begin comparing features in the given horsepower range you’ve selected. There are nine manufacturers included in our roundup, but some of their brands are identical products with different labeling. In the smaller sizes, the Mercury and Mariner brands are identical. As for the Nissan and Tohatsu engines, Tohatsu builds them all. Yamaha, Suzuki, and Honda all offer competitive products as well, but they’re all independent brands.

What to Look For in Lightweight Outboard Motors

In the small engine sizes, specific features to look for can be reduced to several key items. For some, having an integral fuel tank will be important. The smallest engines have integral tanks that hold only a quart or two of fuel–good enough for an hour or two of operation. No manufacturer lists fuel consumption because the size boat the engine is pushing and the wind and wave conditions vary widely. Compare the size of the tanks, and whether you can attach a remote tank for longer trips. The extra weight and space of a separate fuel tank will be a burden on smaller ultra-light boats.

The availability of long- and short-shaft versions in the horsepower size you need is also important. Honda for example offers 20 and 25-inch transom height (long or short shaft) right down to their smallest BF2 (two-horsepower) model. Mercury and Mariner only offer a 15-inch short-shaft version on their 3.3- and 2.5-horsepower engines. Shaft length is measured from the top of the bracket to the tip of the shaft–make sure your shaft is long enough to position the propeller and cooling water intake deep enough below the waterline to avoid cavitation when the boat pitches through waves.

Other specifications that are worth comparing are whether the engine is equipped with a simple forward and neutral gearshift or if the unit has a full functioning forward-neutral-reverse gear unit. If you’re going to be doing long deliveries to regattas, or in the larger sizes for a racer/cruiser configuration, consider whether or not a charging system is part of the engine package, and if so, it’s output. Will it be adequate to keep your battery recharged and power things like a tiller pilot and running lights? Also, on the larger engines check to see if electric starting is available, or offered as a standard feature. Having it can be the difference between pain and pleasure.

If you are racing in a strict one-design group, check any class rules that apply to outboard engines. Issues related to brackets, storage of the engine and/or alternative weight might be issues, so be sure to check with your class before making any final decision.

Ed Sherman is the author of Outboard Engines, Maintenance, Troubleshooting and Repair, International Marine/McGraw Hill and a contributing editor to Sailing World.

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Do Sailboats Have Motors? Does It Require One?

Without a doubt, one of the most famous types of boats is sailboats. They symbolize journey and adventure and give us all that special feeling of venturing off into a new world.

In movies, they symbolize freedom and mystery, and they are often associated with being carried along by the breath of life, simply because their primary form of power is the wind in their sails.

However, wind is not the only thing that can power a sailboat, they can have motors too, but do they have motors all the time and do they even actually need one?

Do Sailboats Need Motors?

To answer this question, yes sailboats do have motors, but not all sailboats have them. In the present day for the most part sailboats are using electric motors instead of traditional diesel or gas ones.

Motors on sailboats are usually only used in an emergency or at the marina. Typically, no one will use a motor on a sailboat for regular sailing.

Only some sailboats will have motors, and typically if they exceed around 6 or 7 meters in length they will have a motor in them. Although people do not often use these motors, they will just use the sail to move in the sea or ocean.

Most motors will be turned off while sailing as if the boat is moving in the water with the aid of the sails then turning on the motor and increasing propulsion will not actually do very much, so it is actually rather pointless to do so.

Instead of actually doing anything to a positive effect, it will just cause some unpleasant and concerning sounds and will eat up fuel for no real reason.

Cruising sailboats will typically always have a motor of some form. Coastal cruisers and blue water boats will typically have an inboard engine, while smaller day trip sailboats will typically only have an outboard motor.

Dinghy sailboats will usually only utilize the wind as propulsion, as well as the sailboats who have owners that prefer motorless.

Sailboats have been around for thousands of years, and it has only recently become more commonplace for them to be fitted with engines. Small sailboats will typically not have a motor, but larger sailboats often will.

The Types Of Sailboat Motor You Can Have

This leaves us with questions, mainly, ‘what kind of motor can a sailboat have?’ Well, there are two configurations of motors found on sailboats; inboard and outboard motors.

How effectively the motor moves its vessel through the water is dependent upon the sea state, the wind direction, and the current. A sailboat will require a particular amount of speed to maintain the steering.

It is possible for a motorized sailboat, whether inboard or outboard, pounding into the wind against the current to lose its ability to hold its course, though.

So, what are the options. You could have an outboard motor, this is a motor that is visible to the naked eye from your boat. Outboard motors are attached to the transom by using a special motor mount. This allows the outboard motor to be raised or lowered as you wish.

Outboard motors come in a range of varying horsepower, and by knowing your vessel’s hull speed, or the maximum speed that the hull is made to travel at through the water, then you can choose the appropriate horsepower.

You can get diesel or gasoline outboard motors, which are available in two-stroke or four-stroke configurations.

The downside of outboard motors is that it is unable to keep the propeller fully in the water in some conditions, steep waves can cause outboard propellers to rise up to the water surface and cavitate which would mean a loss of power for the vessel and trouble for you.

Alternatively, you could have an inboard motor, which is a motor that is installed inside the sailboat itself. It is not visible to the naked eye from the boat.

Besides the sound of the motor, the only evidence that it even exists is the water coming out of the exhaust at the stern. These motors are typically water cooled, and the wastewater will exit the boat at the exhaust.

The propeller of these engines will operate on a shaft that runs through the hull of the boat underneath and connects up to the motor.

These are larger motors than outboard motors of the same horsepower, this can create ballast and stability for your boat. By having the propeller deeper in the water, cavitation is no longer an issue.

Yet, the issue with these engines is that as they are installed prior to the decks’ installation, cutting the deck away to replace them is an unfortunate fact of having this set up.

What About Wind Powered Sailboats?

Of course, you can still have a sailboat without a motor, and there are many world cruising sailboats that do not have a motor. The crew of vessels like such have the skills necessary to maneuver their boat within anchorages and marinas, not to mention oodles of confidence too.

Having this experience and knowledge is necessary to navigate a sailboat solely by the power of wind, and it is very admirable. Besides, having a well-designed boat in hull and sail configuration and having engine-less sailors who rely on a number of tools to assist them in their motorless pursuits is all part and parcel of this style of sailing.

A skulling oar is also a necessity for any motorless vessel. By sweeping the oar behind the stern of the boat in an eight shaped motion, forward momentum can be achieved on top of steering. This is often how a sailboat with no motor may enter a slip or maneuver a tight anchorage without wind.

Sailboats With No Wind

Whether you have a motorless sailboat as a world cruiser or just a small training boat, you will be a sitting duck if you are stuck in windless conditions.

Training and racing sailboats will stay in port on windless days. But the same cannot be said for world cruisers, these people could easily find themselves stuck in the middle of the ocean with no wind, twiddling their thumbs, and this can easily become a dangerous situation if it goes on too long.

When you are crossing an ocean, the crew will provision or stock the boat for the estimated duration of your journey. If you get becalmed for too long, food and water can easily become an issue.

Although it has been known that rescue has been required in situations like these, it is not normal. A majority of motorless sailors find that they do not often need to wait more than a few days for wind to return. As even the slightest breeze will move an experienced sailing-vessel through the water.

This means that the key to sailing without a motor is patience, the journey is oftentimes as enjoyable as the destination and motorless sailors certainly know this. However, if you are not one for patients, perhaps get a motor, as sitting waiting for wind for hours or days might not be the best idea for you.

Advantages Of Not Having An Engine

Having an engine takes a lot of the stress and skill out of sailing, so while you do not need the skill to set up and rely on winds, or the patience of waiting during calm periods, there are other downsides to choosing an engine, but there are plenty of pros in deciding to sail engine free!

For one, the cost of the engine can be very high, both the initial outlay and maintenance is very important and comes at a significant cost too. This means several hundred dollars a year just to keep the motor running, services, and winterized.

Learning to sail without an engine being needed means saving a few hundred dollars a year, which instead you could put towards other boat related funds.

Then you cannot forget the cost of fuel either. Okay, sure, sails will need replacing and repairs done to them as well, but fuel is by far more expensive.

It’s like trying to compare having your curtains tailored to your car’s fuel consumption. Fuel will always trump in costs, and this is another reason why going engine free can be a better choice.

As your engine will likely double as a generator to aid in the running of other systems onboard your boat, you will likely be reliant on those systems as well, be it a refrigerator or air conditioning.

Adopting a sail only approach may make you think twice about having the expense of other systems to worry about too, and instead you might find yourself enjoying a more simple life on the water.

There is much to be said for engines when sailing, and they can be really useful. However, engines are not the be all and end all of boating, and some still choose to go engine free, not only is it peaceful and potentially cheaper, but you can also brag about your skills. We certainly would be bragging.

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Catamaran With Motor? 8 Types Explained (For Beginners)

The catamaran’s design reduces the waves and wind’s effects, allowing the boat to travel farther and faster compared to monohulls of comparable sizes.

Table of Contents

However, the wind and waves are unpredictable, so catamarans use motors as either backup or the main propulsion based on their construction.

In this article, we provide all the answers concerning questions about the propulsion systems available to catamarans:

Do Catamarans Have Motors?

Catamarans, including power and sail types, have motors and other mechanized propulsion systems. Except for small cats used in coastal waters, most large catamarans come with different engine combinations even if they have sails.

Do Catamarans Have One or Two Motors?

Catamarans can have two engines because they have two hulls.

This makes them highly maneuverable while underway and makes handling in shallow and tight waters a breeze.

However, many large cats use only one engine. With two engines, you have more maneuverability over the boat, but one engine may increase the speed and fuel efficiency since it reduces weight.

One of the best combinations in a cat is to pair two engines with counter-rotating propellers. The level of control this configuration provides in the water, especially at the marina, is mind-blowing.

Whether you are backing up or mooring, you can adjust the two engines independently to achieve many of the things monohulls find difficult.

So, what propulsion systems are available to catamarans?

Whether you are looking to buy a power cat or sail cat, both feature engines. There is a wide range of power options for different uses based on your budget, preference, and craft design.

8 Types of Motors Used in Catamarans:

1) single outboard.

You will find this in small-sized catamarans of about 25 feet and below.

While single outboards cut cost and weigh less, they can be difficult to steer under power except when you use the motor to turn.

This is because the motor needs the water to flow over the rudders to turn the boat.

Except for owning a small catamaran, a single outboard is not the most efficient propulsion system for this watercraft.

2) Two Outboards

Like monohulls, you can use two outboards on a catamaran.

Smaller cats such as the Seawind 1000 and Gemini 32 can be fitted with two outboards for improved maneuverability in tight quarters and redundancy.

This setup is great for small cruising catamarans because it is far lighter than two large diesel engines, allowing you to store more essentials on the boat.

Catamarans may be faster than monohulls, but their speed decreases with the load they have to bear, so cat owners try to keep their boats as light as possible. Another benefit of this configuration is that two outboards are more affordable compared to diesel engines.

Plus, you can run on one engine if one dies on you while on the water.

However, this arrangement has some serious shortcomings.

Outboards are not the best means of propulsion on the open seas. Because of their inherent weakness, outboards don’t last long, and their reliability decreases with increased exposure to the harsh saltwater environment.

The design of outboards makes them less suitable for choppy waters.

While you can use outboards in twin configurations for catamarans, they perform best on smaller monohull watercraft.

3) Single Diesel

This is common in custom catamarans.

It comprises a single diesel engine in one hull, which reduces weight and makes it more affordable.

However, this configuration can make turning in tight quarters almost nightmarish except for highly skilled skippers.

The boat will turn easily to the side opposite the engine location. For example, the boat will turn with little starboard issues if the engine is in the port hull.

However, you may require several boat lengths to maneuver it to port.

For best results, plan your turns well in advance and do a lot of practice to perfect docking in tight quarters to avoid costly mistakes.

4) Single Diesel Engine with Retractable External Drive

This combination is popular with Prout catamarans, using a Sonic Drive-by Sillette.

It comprises a cockpit diesel engine paired with a steerable external motor.

The arrangement reduces weight and does not create drag when the drive leg is out of the water.

However, the reverse lock mechanism may not work sometimes. Also, the steering yoke and bellows may not work properly when you need them.

This setup is best for smaller boats where two engines’ thrust will be overkill, and they help to save cost and weight.

If your catamaran is on the heavier side, you want to go for something sturdier and more powerful.

A 32 feet Gemini catamaran will make an excellent candidate for this arrangement as the boat can use a single-engine with no problems.

5) Diesel with an Outboard

People who use this configuration do so to save cost and counterbalance the single diesel engine’s powerful thrust.

The auxiliary could be smaller petrol or electric-powered outboard motor.

When you are on the open seas, the diesel gives you enough propulsion during calm weather when you can’t use the sails. The outboard helps in shallow waters, although it is often useless on the high seas, especially during turbulent weather.

The smaller outboard also provides less turning power when it’s very windy than running two powerful diesel engines.

You save space, reduce weight, and keep a few extra thousands of dollars in your bank account.

6) Twin Diesel Engines

For larger catamarans, especially cruising types capable of transatlantic and transpacific voyages, the standard propulsion comes from two large diesel engines.

Each engine is housed in one hull, providing exceptional longevity, fuel economy, and incredible amounts of horsepower to help you through the rough seas in the shortest time possible.

This combination is excellent for redundancy, even though most catamarans can run efficiently on one engine most of the time.

The downside of having two diesel engines is weight, cost, and maintenance.

Diesel engines, compelling models that produce upwards of 40-45 horsepower, can set you back by tens of thousands of dollars. But they will deliver over 8000 hours of work-life easily.

In terms of reliability, durability, longevity, and performance, nothing trumps diesel engines in the marine industry.

Diesel engines are safer to operate as they do not have the same explosion and fire danger as petrol or gas engines. They are easier to maintain and simpler to operate.

Plus, they are the most mature propulsion system in the seafaring world.

However, diesel engines are also heavier and will take up more hull space.

That means less space to store your gear, but it’s a worthy sacrifice considering the capabilities diesel engines offer your boat. Diesel boats not only drive your propeller but can also provide the energy to run every electrical system on board, including navigational equipment, cooking, air conditioning, entertainment, among others.

7) Hydraulic Propulsion

Some catamarans use hydraulic propulsion systems, although these are not popular.

Hydraulic systems are better suited to terrestrial applications as they are prone to many problems that can complicate matters for you while underway:

• One , hydraulics generate additional heat, which makes them inefficient.
• Second , they can be uncomfortably noisy, making socialization difficult and defeating the whole purpose of leaving city life’s buzz.
• Third , hydraulic systems are prone to leakages, which increase their running cost and harm the environment.

These factors make hydraulics less efficient compared to diesel and petrol engines.

8) Electric Hybrid Systems

This propulsion system comprises a diesel engine and an electric motor.

The main issue with this configuration is the complexity of the systems and their overall lower efficiency.

Other Propulsion Systems:

As technology advances, sailors and marine engineering experts continue to find new and better ways to improve seafaring while reducing the planet’s carbon footprint.

This has led to solar, wind turbine, water, and pure electric motor propulsion systems.

For example, the Solarwave Sailor 64 is a solar hybrid-powered catamaran with an installed capacity to generate 15KW, enough to power everything on board the boat.

Solar and electric systems are silent and clean. However, they are insanely expensive and not as reliable as diesel and petrol engines. Also, they require banks of batteries, which add a lot of weight to the cat.

Final Words

Catamarans may look out of place, but many of these vessels offer more flexibility regarding power options.

You can choose from outboards, inboard diesel engines, and even go for the newer electric or solar-powered models.

However, the diesel engine remains the best power system available today for catamarans and other boats.

For reliable performance and mind-blowing thrust capabilities, experienced sailors depend on the time-tested diesel engine.

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How hybrid sailing yachts finally became a feasible option

• May 17, 2019

They’ve been a long time coming, but marine hybrid propulsion systems are finally a working reality, as Sam Fortescue reports

The Bootswerft Heinrich-built 13m Yamila uses an Oceanvolt electric motor rather than a diesel engine. Photo: Peter Minder

Every sailor is familiar with the wet cough of the diesel engine, and the acrid smell of its exhaust. For some it’s the sign that an adventure is starting, for others it is the reassurance that all is well on board the boat. The traditional engine is perhaps your boat’s most important safety feature, but its days may be numbered.

The electric sailing revolution is coming – and though adoption in the marine sector is proving much slower than in the automotive world ashore, progress is being made.

The market is still relatively small. Clear market leader Torqeedo had sales of €25m last year, most of which was in ferries and compact outboards. It also offers a range of saildrive and pod drive motors for yachts displacing from 2 to 50 tonnes, or roughly 20-60ft LOA.

But sailors have been slow on the uptake, and for one good reason: if you’re planning to cross an ocean or take on tough conditions offshore, you rely on your engine to help you outrun danger or motor through the doldrums – sometimes for days at a time.

Oceanvolt AXC series is a modular shaft drive system (10kW to 40kW) that will fit in place of a tradition diesel engine

Even with the current crop of advanced lithium-ion boat batteries , the range of an electric system is measured in tens of miles, not hundreds. So a 35ft monohull with 10kWh of lithium battery (four units weighing 96kg in total) would have a range of just 24 nautical miles at 3.8 knots, or less than 16 nautical miles at full throttle.

Taking into account the incredible wastage of combustion engines, which dissipate more energy as heat and noise than they provide in propulsion, diesel is still ten times more energy dense than batteries.

Full-carbon luxury daysailer Yamila uses an Oceanvolt SD8 8kW electric saildrive system. Photo: Tobias Stoerkle

“When you look at bluewater cruisers, of course you will have a diesel,” says Torqeedo’s founder and CEO, Dr Christoph Ballin. “And it’s right that not many coastal sailors opt for pure electric.”

But that doesn’t mean that electric has no interest for cruising sailors – far from it. The more common route for ‘normal’ sailors will be to combine diesel and electric in a hybrid sailing system.

Under this model, the engine is replaced by an electric motor, hooked up to a bank of lithium batteries. This can be charged via hydrogeneration – when the speed under sail turns the propeller and puts charge back into the batteries – and solar or wind. But when extended periods under power are required a standalone DC generator, which can be installed anywhere on board, supplies the electricity.

This is the set-up recommended by Finland’s Oceanvolt, which has focused on the cruising sailing market with a range of shaft and sail drive motors from 3.7kW to 15kW (roughly 10hp to 45hp in diesel engine terms).

“In the case of the round-the-world cruiser, we recommend a hybrid system with a backup genset to support continuous drive when/if needed,” says Oceanvolt CEO Markus Mustelin. “A regenerating prop, which spins while sailing and recharges the batteries (sacrificing 0.2-0.4 of a knot, depending on the boat and conditions) makes it possible to be almost independent of the genset and use it only for backup.”

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This system has the advantage that the generator is only needed on longer passages, so the boat still manoeuvres silently in and out of ports and anchorages.

And a well-designed, correctly sized generator is much more efficient at turning diesel into electricity than an engine not originally designed for the job. Some sailors opt for an in-line hybrid system, like those offered by Hybrid-Marine, which bolts onto the existing diesel.

These are easier to retrofit, with many of the same characteristics as the full hybrid system, but there’s the disadvantage of still having an engine boxed away somewhere near the middle of the boat.

Electro magnetism

Until now, most business has been done through retrofitting existing yachts. But an increasing number of yacht builders are looking to include electric propulsion as original equipment. The world’s third largest boatbuilder, Hanse Yachts , is perhaps the most advanced – offering its entry-level Hanse 315 with an electric rudder-drive option.

The system takes up less space than the standard diesel, is much quieter and vibration- and emissions-free. But Hanse admits take up has been disappointing.

The technology has found more interest among lake sailors. Innovative young German brand Bente has been fitting Torqeedo motors to its successful 24ft model, originally designed for Germany’s ‘Green Lakes’.

Closer to home, dinghy specialist RS Sailing has decided to fit a retractable electric drive to its new RS21 keelboat. Already christened the ‘invisible gennaker’, the system is based on Torqeedo’s Travel 1003 outboard motor.

Bigger race boats have also been attracted by the lure of low-weight propulsion. Just look at Malizia , an IMOCA 60 being prepared for the 2020 Vendée Globe with a lightweight Torqeedo system.

“Emissions-free round the world under race conditions, while simultaneously producing your own energy, is a thoroughly inspirational concept,” said Malizia skipper Boris Herrmann.

Electric has also been successful at the luxury end of the market, where lithium-ion batteries account for a smaller share of the boat’s overall cost. A 50ft Privilege 5 catamaran and a carbon fibre Gunboat 60 have both been retrofitted with Torqeedo kit, while Oceanvolt appears on a Swan 57 and an all-carbon Agile 42.

Overview of the Torqeedo Deep Blue propulsion system installed in the Gunboat Moonwave

The Gunboat Moonwave has two 25kW Deep Blue saildrives both capable of regenerating under sail. There is still a generator on board to extend battery range offshore, but “they no longer use the generator – it’s just for emergency,” says Torqeedo’s Ballin.

Spirit Yachts is also designing electric propulsion into its Spirit 111  flagship, due for launch this summer. With four big 40kW lithium batteries aboard and a 100kW motor, the yacht will be able to operate silently for hours, although it also has 100kW of diesel generator capacity.

“The real focus is not the propulsion,” explains Spirit director Nigel Stuart, “but that everything works in harmony, from galley equipment and hot water to heating, air conditioning, hydraulics etc.” The British yard is also building a 65-footer using Oceanvolt hybrid technology and a new 44-footer that is pure electric.

With racing on one hand and high-end cruisers on the other, there is something of a gap in the middle. By Torqeedo’s own admission, the cruising sailor hasn’t been a big focus of the electric revolution, but all that is about to change. “We started a bit late with sailing,” Ballin admits, “but in the next five to eight years it will be addressed big time.”

Fully integrated electric drive system will power the new 111ft Spirit Yachts flagship

What does that really mean? Well, in the first instance, it means system integration. If that doesn’t sound revolutionary, then imagine a set-up on board where solar panels, hydrogenerators, batteries, generators and motors all worked seamlessly together to keep the yacht supplied with ample power around the clock. “That’s what people are willing to pay for: plenty of energy with heating or air-con through the night,” says Ballin.

The future of hybrid sailing

In the near future, Torqeedo is planning a new range-extending DC generator specifically for hybrid sailing boats. Its existing unit is built by WhisperPower and provides 25kW, which is too much power for boats using the pod drive system.

The genset will be designed to operate at optimum revolutions, while clever DC to DC conversion decouples the battery voltage from the charging voltage, for much greater efficiency.

With boats, just as with cars, the breakthrough that will make all the difference is around battery capacity. Until range under electric power can match that of diesel, there will be many sceptics. And that isn’t likely to happen for a decade or more, according to Ballin.

“Theoretically, they’ve tested batteries in labs that are ten times more efficient than lithium,” he explains. “And if that comes through, then gasoline is done. But we are trying to combine long-term vision with short-term mindset.”

In the meantime, the prevalent technology is based on lithium-manganese-cobalt, and a process of steady development is making this 5-8% better each year. For example, BMW has just announced its next generation i3 battery, used by Torqeedo’s Deep Blue system, will be able to hold 40kWh of power – an increase of 33% for the same size, weight and nearly the same cost.

Torqeedo Cruise 2.0 FP Pod Drive is suitable for small yachts up to 4 tonnes – a folding prop can also be fitted

The other area of development is around the propeller. Most cruising systems use a folding or feathering prop designed for diesel engines. But Torqeedo’s own research shows that the consistently high torque of an electric motor is best utilised by props with variable pitch.

And yet it is Oceanvolt that has addressed this issue specifically for electric motors with its Servo Prop system, which it claims to be 30% more efficient ahead, 100% better astern and 300% more efficient in regeneration mode.

Oceanvolt says that this prop can pump around 500W into the batteries at just 5 knots – the average pace of a 30ft monohull. At 6 knots that rises to around 800W, and at a very manageable 7 knots for a larger ocean cruiser you get 1.2kW.

“A new technology can rarely compete in price with an established one in its initial growth phase,” says Mustelin. “However, we have passed this and today electric systems are offered at a quite competitive price. When you add to that the fact the electric system is almost service free, the total cost of ownership is turning in favour of electric.”

So, you may not hear them approach, but expect to see more and more electric-powered boats on the water as the revolution continues.

A question of torque

A key part of the viability of electric propulsion rests on the notion that a smaller motor can achieve the same work as a bigger diesel. There are two elements to this. First, a diesel engine is not an efficient converter of chemical energy into thrust, creating a lot of heat and noise in the process. Second, the torque characteristics of electric are much better than diesel.

Mustelin says that Oceanvolt’s 10kW motor “easily outperforms” a 30hp diesel. “Typically, maximum boat speed will be somewhat lower (0.5kt-1.0kt) than with a comparable diesel engine, but at the same time the boat will maintain the speed better in heavy seas and headwind due to higher torque. Manoeuvrability is much better in confined marina spaces.”

That’s because combustion engines only reach peak power (and maximum torque) over a small range of speeds. Torque is a measure of turning power – at the propeller in the case of a boat.

A diesel engine develops optimum torque between 1,800-2,000rpm, while electric motors deliver it from 0 to around 2,000rpm. This allows electric motors to use higher efficiency propellers that are slimmer and more steeply pitched.

Engine-driven: The ‘alternator on steroids’

It has taken years of development and over $10m of funding, but renowned boat systems expert Nigel Calder has helped design an alternator so powerful that it eliminates the need for a generator on board.

Mounted on the engine, on the second alternator position, the Integrel can produce five to ten times more power. Sitting behind the system is at least 10kWh of lead acid batteries (lithium is also an option), and Victron chargers and inverters.

“If you crank the engine it’ll charge the batteries; if you’re running with the engine in neutral, it’ll know it’s in standalone generator mode and switch to that algorithm,” explains Calder. “It will likely be cheaper than a generator installation, and eliminates the issue of the through-hulls, the cooling circuits, the long running hours, the maintenance.”

The system allows you to run all sorts of creature comforts on board that would normally require a generator: from hot water on-demand to coffee makers and freezers. “We honestly believe that this system is going to supplant generators on almost all boats that currently have, or would like to have, a generator,” adds Calder.

With the engine in gear and at low revs, tests show how the Integrel can produce some 2kW of power without increasing fuel consumption or reducing speed – simply utilising the engine’s wasted capacity. This means it will work with the yacht’s existing engine – no need to overspec – and it has already been successfully installed on a new Southerly 480, a Malo 46 and a similar-sized Hallberg-Rassy.

Case study: Dufour 382 Alcyone

Built by Dufour in 2016, Alcyone was immediately retrofitted professionally with Oceanvolt’s SD15 saildrive motor, supplied by a 14kWh lithium battery bank. Owners Michael Melling and Diana Kolpak also specced an 8kWh DC generator for range extension. The fit out cost €30,600 for the motor and battery system, plus an additional €13,744 for the generator, and installation costs were around €8,000.

They charter the boat out near Vancouver, for exploring Desolation Sound and the surrounding area where silent, clean propulsion is a selling point. “Nothing spoils the joy of sailing – or a secluded anchorage – more than the noise and smell of diesel engines,” they explained. “Installing an Oceanvolt system in our new boat has freed us from that. It’s the way of the future.”

Charter manager Merion Martin said the conversion has also been popular with charter customers, adding: “The main advantage of the system is that it consistently uses around 40% less fuel than a standard diesel engine over the course of a week’s charter. But understanding the power management system takes a bit of getting used to, and the many components involved in the system can make troubleshooting a challenge.”

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Battery-powered boats have come of age, thanks to collaborations with luxury automakers, creative design, and improved performance and range.

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Then one day in 2021, the phone rang. An iconic German automaker needed a partner to help them build a boat. Did he want in?

It was Porsche, a brand synonymous with performance and luxury, so Frauscher gave the only logical response: “I do.”

Last October, the Frauscher x Porsche eFantom launched in Geneva using the drive train from the Porsche Macan and showing off a top speed of nearly 50 mph, with the potential to break 60. At a 25-mph cruise speed, the 28-footer also had a respectable 30-mile range.

Performance is only part of the package, though. The helm recreates the interior look of a 911, including the steering wheel, instrument panel and seats. “I think it will make a great superyacht tender,” Frauscher says. “Wouldn’t it be nice to enter a fancy harbor in an electric boat with the Porsche logo on the side?”

It would, but turning heads in a battery-powered boat keeps getting easier. The eFantom is just one of a new breed of electric boats riding a technological wave that has changed the paradigm of what’s possible.

“The difference is that we’re seeing more boats designed from the ground up to accommodate electric,” says Ed Sherman, a technical consultant for the American Boat and Yacht Council (ABYC), who has been following the electrification of boats for a decade. It’s not just a simple case of retrofitting an existing hull with electric motors and heavy lithium-ion batteries. “It has to be engineered together to work effectively,” says Sherman. “All the better boatbuilders will tell you that.”

Car makers, too. Many of the new entries have connections with the auto industry, either through direct partnerships like the Frauscher-Porsche deal or via founders and key executives who’ve migrated from cars to boats. Other players include newcomers trying their luck as startups, or marine powerhouses such as the Ferretti Group ’s Riva brand.

“The marine industry is so small that the investment to develop new technology often doesn’t make sense,” Frauscher says. “But the car business has so much volume they can afford it. We get the benefit of their R&D.”

Tyde, based in Germany, has partnered with another luxe automaker. Its partnership with BMW has produced two unique and stylish foiling models, the 48-foot Open and the 43-foot Icon , that combine performance and pleasure.

The partnership is particularly satisfying for a guy who couldn’t give away an electric jet ski 15 years ago. Back then, Ballin met the 2008 world champion paddleboater, who produced about 0.5 horsepower with his legs, but propelled his paddleboat to 16 knots.

The trick? Foils. Fascinated by the idea, Ballin hired the paddleboater to develop a foiling PWC. The prototype hit 18 knots using a 4 hp motor. At the time, Ballin had founded Torqeedo , a maker of electric marine motors, but he had no interest in becoming a PWC builder. Instead, he offered the design to every builder he knew, free. No one wanted it.

In 2021, BMW reached out. The company’s battery pack had become commonly used by other builders (it even resides in the Frauscher-Porsche project), and it, too, wanted to show what it could do in marine. Ballin pitched the team on the benefits of foiling, especially for an electric boat, and Tyde was launched.

“Foiling has made a lot of progress since the 2013 America’s Cup, where it made its debut,” Ballin says. “Before, the knowledge only existed in the heads of a few engineers, but it’s gone from an art to a science.” Today, there are a handful of companies that design what he calls a “proper flight system,” most notably Candela , which has been producing foiling electric boats in Sweden for five years, and San Francisco-based Navier , which has a 30-foot foiling powerboat called the N30.

Drivetrain developments also played a role in the progression of electric boats. The energy density of battery packs hasn’t changed much in recent years, so a lot of the gains have come from coaxing more efficiency from the power chain. That includes, shafts, drives, sensors, connectors, and the cooling system.

Instead of cobbling together a Frankenboat, the team designed a fast, sleek weekend cruiser that will compete with non-electric vessels from Pardo , Vandutch and Wajer . Besides range-efficiency and speed, Siala’s proprietary battery system includes a safety management system (SMS) for optimal performance, which includes an automatic failsafe that limits output if the driver puts too much pressure on the batteries.

“Performance is a function of managing the thermal load,” adds Mitch Lee, CEO of Arc, which is based in Los Angeles. “You need to eject the heat to maximize the system.” Lee’s ARC One does that via a software-controlled module that allows the 24-foot towboat to produce a combustion-like 525 horsepower and hit speeds of 40 mph. It can run for four to six hours at slower speeds, he says. That model has already gone out of production, but a new design, the Arc Sport , will offer similar speed and range, with the ability to offer wake surfing.

Arc achieves that performance by building many of its systems in house, supplemented by parts developed in the auto industry, and by building the boat around the drivetrain. “Electric cars took off when they started designing around the battery pack,” he says. “That’s happening now with boats.”

No surprise that Lee’s partner, Ryan Cook, previously worked as an engineer at SpaceX, a corporate cousin of Tesla. Their team includes refugees from Elon Musk’s car company as well as Rivian and Lyft.

Like the Arc, the BIG has an aluminum hull, telemetry (remote updating of systems by the factory), an integrated control module and solar panels built into a hard top that help run systems.

Large solar-panel arrays are integral to recharging banks of batteries on vessels like the Silent 62 three-deck power catamaran , one of the largest electric yachts on the water. The panels are designed across the top for maximum exposure to the sun. The catamaran design is also more efficient than a monohull, which has a lot more wetted surface, while giving owners much more interior volume, thanks to the large beam.

The Silent range has become much more stylish since the company first started building boats a decade ago. The cats then were purely functional, boxy and uninspired. Designers are now seeing opportunities for dressing up the interiors, while making the exteriors as sleek as the form allows.

Most builders of larger cruisers, say in the 50- to 80-foot range, install hybrid diesel-electric propulsion because their owners don’t relish running out of juice miles offshore, with no power source other than the sun. The diesel part of the equation also increases the vessel’s speed, range and weight-carrying capacity.

Cosmopolitan Yachts incorporates solar panels across the top deck of its 70-foot power cat, which feed its banks of lithium batteries. But the Spanish builder also has two diesel generators for alternative power. The shipyard could have reduced overall weight by cutting amenities, as full electric boats must do, but the hybrid power allowed it to go full luxury.

Cosmopolitan’s Ivan Salas Jefferson says his company has taken full advantage of the progression in electrical propulsion and solar panels, as well as the materials. “We could have built this boat five years ago but probably would not achieved the same standards,” he says.

Fully electric power for megayachts remains years away, according to Stefano de Vivo, chief operations officer of Italy’s Ferretti Group , who oversees superyacht brands like Custom Line and CRN. “The batteries are very heavy, making them a challenge for larger yachts,” he says, “so we began studying the possibility of electrifying one of our smaller boats, the 27-foot Riva Iseo.”

Riva launched the production electric version called the El-Iseo in January, with a Parker Hannifin motor and a battery-pack supplied by Podium Advanced Technologies, an auto tech company.

“It would be easy to make an electric boat with 100 miles range, and in bigger sizes, if you do not want the same level of comfort and luxury that a normal Riva has,” de Vivo says. To split the difference, Riva dumped non-essential components that added weight, such as the mahogany transom, but kept everything else the same, winding up with a top speed of 40 knots with a 25-mile range and a cruising speed of 25 knots.

In search of even better performance, the builder is now considering a larger boat with foils, showing that even a traditionally minded company like Ferretti can keep up with changing technology as long as one thing remains true: The boat needs to have the same amenities and build quality, and performance must be close to its non-electric counterparts.

Read More On:

• Electric Boats
• Ferretti Group
• Frauscher Boats
• Tyde Marine

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